Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses and Xenotransplantation, 2021.
gammaretroviruses
porcine endogenous retroviruses
virus safety
xenotransplantation
Journal
Viruses
ISSN: 1999-4915
Titre abrégé: Viruses
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101509722
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
26 10 2021
26 10 2021
Historique:
received:
10
09
2021
revised:
06
10
2021
accepted:
20
10
2021
entrez:
27
11
2021
pubmed:
28
11
2021
medline:
15
2
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) are integrated in the genome of all pigs, and some of them are able to infect human cells. Therefore, PERVs pose a risk for xenotransplantation, the transplantation of pig cells, tissues, or organ to humans in order to alleviate the shortage of human donor organs. Up to 2021, a huge body of knowledge about PERVs has been accumulated regarding their biology, including replication, recombination, origin, host range, and immunosuppressive properties. Until now, no PERV transmission has been observed in clinical trials transplanting pig islet cells into diabetic humans, in preclinical trials transplanting pig cells and organs into nonhuman primates with remarkable long survival times of the transplant, and in infection experiments with several animal species. Nevertheless, in order to prevent virus transmission to the recipient, numerous strategies have been developed, including selection of PERV-C-free animals, RNA interference, antiviral drugs, vaccination, and genome editing. Furthermore, at present there are no more experimental approaches to evaluate the full risk until we move to the clinic.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34834962
pii: v13112156
doi: 10.3390/v13112156
pmc: PMC8625113
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Immunosuppressive Agents
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
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