Theophylline in patients with syncope without prodrome, normal heart, and normal electrocardiogram: a propensity-score matched study verified by implantable cardiac monitor.
Asystole
Implantable loop recorder
Purinergic antagonists
Syncope
Theophylline
Xanthine
Journal
Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology
ISSN: 1532-2092
Titre abrégé: Europace
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100883649
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
21 07 2022
21 07 2022
Historique:
received:
17
08
2021
accepted:
16
11
2021
pubmed:
2
12
2021
medline:
26
7
2022
entrez:
1
12
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Syncope without prodromes in subjects with normal heart and normal electrocardiogram (ECG) is classified as non-classical neurally mediated syncope and is characterized by low adenosine plasma levels (APLs) and frequent asystolic syncope. We assessed the efficacy of theophylline, a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist, in preventing syncopal events. Participants received an implantable cardiac monitor, underwent APL measurement, and received oral theophylline at maximum tolerated dose (starting dose 300 mg b.i.d.). They were compared with a historical cohort of untreated patients with implantable cardiac monitor who had the same inclusion criteria and were balanced with the propensity score (PS) method as regard age, sex, lifetime syncopal episodes, APL, and antihypertensive drugs. Primary endpoint was time to first syncopal recurrence at 24 months. There were 76 patients in the theophylline group and 58 in the control group. Syncope recurred in 25 (33%) patients in the theophylline group and in 27 (47%) patients in the control group, with an estimated 2-year recurrence rate of 33% and 60%, respectively, and a hazard ratio of 0.53 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.30-0.95; P = 0.034]. Most of the benefit of theophylline is derived from reduction of syncope due to asystolic atrioventricular (AV) block (hazard ratio of 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03-0.58; P = 0.008). Thirty (39%) patients discontinued theophylline after a median of 6.4 (interquartile range 1.7-13.8) months due to side effects. Theophylline was effective in preventing recurrences in patients with syncope without prodromes, normal heart, and normal ECG. The benefit was greater in patients with syncope due to asystolic AV block. NCT03803215.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34849728
pii: 6445258
doi: 10.1093/europace/euab300
doi:
Substances chimiques
Theophylline
C137DTR5RG
Banques de données
ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT03803215']
Types de publication
Clinical Study
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1164-1170Informations de copyright
Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author(s) 2021. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.