Chromosome Missegregation as a Modulator of Radiation Sensitivity.
Journal
Seminars in radiation oncology
ISSN: 1532-9461
Titre abrégé: Semin Radiat Oncol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9202882
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2022
01 2022
Historique:
entrez:
4
12
2021
pubmed:
5
12
2021
medline:
26
4
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Chromosome missegregation over the course of multiple cell divisions, termed chromosomal instability (CIN), is a hallmark of cancer. Multiple causes of CIN have been identified, including defects in the mitotic checkpoint, altered kinetochore-microtubule dynamics, centrosome amplification, and ionizing radiation. Here we review the types, mechanisms, and cellular implications of CIN. We discuss the evidence that CIN can promote tumors, suppress them, or do neither, depending on the rates of chromosome missegregration and the cellular context. Very high rates of chromosome missegregation lead to cell death due to loss of essential chromosomes; thus elevating CIN above a tolerable threshold provides a mechanistic opportunity to promote cancer cell death. Lethal rates of CIN can be achieved by a single insult or through a combination of insults. Because ionizing radiation induces CIN, additional therapies that increase CIN may serve as useful modulators of radiation sensitivity. Ultimately, quantifying the intrinsic CIN in a tumor and modulating this level pharmacologically as well as with radiation may allow for a more rational, personalized radiation therapy prescription, thereby decreasing side effects and increasing local control.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34861996
pii: S1053-4296(21)00052-7
doi: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2021.09.002
pmc: PMC8883596
mid: NIHMS1777056
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
54-63Subventions
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P30 CA014520
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R01 CA234904
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : T32 CA009135
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : T32 GM008688
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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