Alveolar type II cells and pulmonary surfactant in COVID-19 era.
Alveolar Epithelial Cells
/ drug effects
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
/ metabolism
Animals
COVID-19
/ immunology
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Lung
/ drug effects
Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins
/ metabolism
Pulmonary Surfactants
/ therapeutic use
Receptors, Virus
/ metabolism
SARS-CoV-2
/ immunology
Serine Endopeptidases
/ metabolism
Virus Internalization
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Journal
Physiological research
ISSN: 1802-9973
Titre abrégé: Physiol Res
Pays: Czech Republic
ID NLM: 9112413
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
16 12 2021
16 12 2021
Historique:
entrez:
16
12
2021
pubmed:
17
12
2021
medline:
28
12
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In this review, we discuss the role of pulmonary surfactant in the host defense against respiratory pathogens, including novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. In the lower respiratory system, the virus uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in conjunction with serine protease TMPRSS2, expressed by alveolar type II (ATII) cells as one of the SARS-CoV-2 target cells, to enter. ATII cells are the main source of surfactant. After their infection and the resulting damage, the consequences may be severe and may include injury to the alveolar-capillary barrier, lung edema, inflammation, ineffective gas exchange, impaired lung mechanics and reduced oxygenation, which resembles acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) of other etiology. The aim of this review is to highlight the key role of ATII cells and reduced surfactant in the pathogenesis of the respiratory form of COVID-19 and to emphasize the rational basis for exogenous surfactant therapy in COVID-19 ARDS patients.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34913352
pii: 934763
doi: 10.33549/physiolres.934763
pmc: PMC8884364
Substances chimiques
Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins
0
Pulmonary Surfactants
0
Receptors, Virus
0
ACE2 protein, human
EC 3.4.17.23
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
EC 3.4.17.23
Serine Endopeptidases
EC 3.4.21.-
TMPRSS2 protein, human
EC 3.4.21.-
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
S195-S208Références
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