Examining the Relationship Between the Testate Amoeba Hyalosphenia papilio (Arcellinida, Amoebozoa) and its Associated Intracellular Microalgae Using Molecular and Microscopic Methods.
Chlorella
Protists
TEM
fluorescence microscopy
genomics
symbiosis transcriptomics
Journal
Protist
ISSN: 1618-0941
Titre abrégé: Protist
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9806488
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2022
02 2022
Historique:
received:
05
02
2021
revised:
22
11
2021
accepted:
09
12
2021
pubmed:
15
1
2022
medline:
6
5
2022
entrez:
14
1
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Symbiotic relationships between heterotrophic and phototrophic partners are common in microbial eukaryotes. Among Arcellinida (Amoebozoa) several species are associated with microalgae of the genus Chlorella (Archaeplastida). So far, these symbioses were assumed to be stable and mutualistic, yet details of the interactions are limited. Here, we analyzed 22 single-cell transcriptomes and 36 partially-sequenced genomes of the Arcellinida morphospecies Hyalosphenia papilio, which contains Chlorella algae, to shed light on the amoeba-algae association. By characterizing the genetic diversity of associated Chlorella, we detected two distinct clades that can be linked to host genetic diversity, yet at the same time show a biogeographic signal across sampling sites. Fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of intact algae cells within the amoeba cell. Yet analysis of transcriptome data suggested that the algal nuclei are inactive, implying that instead of a stable, mutualistic relationship, the algae may be temporarily exploited for photosynthetic activity before being digested. Differences in gene expression of H. papilio and Hyalosphenia elegans demonstrated increased expression of genes related to oxidative stress. Together, our analyses increase knowledge of this host-symbiont association and reveal 1) higher diversity of associated algae than previously characterized, 2) a transient association between H. papilio and Chlorella with unclear benefits for the algae, 3) algal-induced gene expression changes in the host.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35030517
pii: S1434-4610(21)00063-8
doi: 10.1016/j.protis.2021.125853
pmc: PMC9148389
mid: NIHMS1772532
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
125853Subventions
Organisme : NHGRI NIH HHS
ID : R15 HG010409
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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