Meal-to-meal and day-to-day macronutrient variation in an ad libitum vending food paradigm.
Ad libitum
Calories
Food intake
Macronutrient content
Macronutrient regulation
Vending machine
Journal
Appetite
ISSN: 1095-8304
Titre abrégé: Appetite
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8006808
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 04 2022
01 04 2022
Historique:
received:
27
10
2021
revised:
11
01
2022
accepted:
18
01
2022
pubmed:
26
1
2022
medline:
25
3
2022
entrez:
25
1
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Theory posits that macronutrient intake is regulated by protein consumption and adequate intake of protein results in consumption of less carbohydrates and fat. The current study investigates the effect of protein intake on calorie and macronutrient content using an ad libitum vending machine paradigm. Healthy volunteers (n = 287; 177 m; Age = 36 ± 11; BMI = 32 ± 8) were admitted to our clinical research unit. Macronutrient meal content (grams) and energy intake (Kcal) were quantified by specialized food processing software and collected on an hourly basis over a three-day period using a validated ad libitum vending machine paradigm. Body composition was assessed by DXA. Lagged multi-level models accounting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, fat and fat free mass indices were fitted to examine the impact of prior macronutrient content on subsequent meals. Protein intake was associated with decreased energy intake (Kcal; B = -1.67 kcal, p = 0.0048), lower protein and carbohydrate intake (B = -0.08 g, p = 0.0006; B = -0.21 g, p = 0.0003, respectively) at subsequent meals. Daily Macronutrient intake and subsequent intake were positively associated. Dietary protein exhibits a negative regulatory effect on a short-term meal-to-meal rather than day-to-day basis. In the setting of readily available food, protein intake impacts energy intake only over very short time courses.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Theory posits that macronutrient intake is regulated by protein consumption and adequate intake of protein results in consumption of less carbohydrates and fat. The current study investigates the effect of protein intake on calorie and macronutrient content using an ad libitum vending machine paradigm.
METHODS
Healthy volunteers (n = 287; 177 m; Age = 36 ± 11; BMI = 32 ± 8) were admitted to our clinical research unit. Macronutrient meal content (grams) and energy intake (Kcal) were quantified by specialized food processing software and collected on an hourly basis over a three-day period using a validated ad libitum vending machine paradigm. Body composition was assessed by DXA. Lagged multi-level models accounting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, fat and fat free mass indices were fitted to examine the impact of prior macronutrient content on subsequent meals.
RESULTS
Protein intake was associated with decreased energy intake (Kcal; B = -1.67 kcal, p = 0.0048), lower protein and carbohydrate intake (B = -0.08 g, p = 0.0006; B = -0.21 g, p = 0.0003, respectively) at subsequent meals. Daily Macronutrient intake and subsequent intake were positively associated.
CONCLUSIONS
Dietary protein exhibits a negative regulatory effect on a short-term meal-to-meal rather than day-to-day basis. In the setting of readily available food, protein intake impacts energy intake only over very short time courses.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35074459
pii: S0195-6663(22)00035-6
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105944
pmc: PMC8842501
mid: NIHMS1774756
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Dietary Carbohydrates
0
Dietary Fats
0
Banques de données
ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT00342732']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
105944Subventions
Organisme : Intramural NIH HHS
ID : Z99 DK999999
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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