Indiana community health workers: challenges and opportunities for workforce development.


Journal

BMC health services research
ISSN: 1472-6963
Titre abrégé: BMC Health Serv Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101088677

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
27 Jan 2022
Historique:
received: 12 07 2021
accepted: 22 12 2021
entrez: 28 1 2022
pubmed: 29 1 2022
medline: 1 2 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

An interest in, and the need for, Community Health Workers (CHWs) in the United States is growing exponentially. CHWs possess a unique ability to relate to and build trust with communities in order to improve clinical outcomes, while building individual and community capacity. Given their critical role in addressing social determinants of health, expanding the CHW workforce is crucial. However, creating CHW jobs, facilitating training and certification, and establishing sustainable financing models to support this workforce has been challenging. A mixed-methods study consisting of an online survey and focus group discussions assessed the strengths, practices, and challenges to CHW workforce sustainability and expansion in the state of Indiana, including perspectives from both CHWs and employers. Across 8 topics, mixed data analysis revealed 28 findings that were both complementary and unique across focus group and survey results. Results highlighted CHW skills and attributes, illustrated the recruitment and hiring process, and provided insight into measuring outcomes and outputs. Findings also indicated a need to build position validation, professional development, and billing and reimbursement capacity. Building and sustaining the CHW workforce will require creating an evidence base of roles and impact, increasing awareness of existing reimbursement mechanisms, and sharing best practices across employer organizations to promote optimal recruitment, training, supervision, career development, and funding strategies.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
An interest in, and the need for, Community Health Workers (CHWs) in the United States is growing exponentially. CHWs possess a unique ability to relate to and build trust with communities in order to improve clinical outcomes, while building individual and community capacity. Given their critical role in addressing social determinants of health, expanding the CHW workforce is crucial. However, creating CHW jobs, facilitating training and certification, and establishing sustainable financing models to support this workforce has been challenging.
METHODS METHODS
A mixed-methods study consisting of an online survey and focus group discussions assessed the strengths, practices, and challenges to CHW workforce sustainability and expansion in the state of Indiana, including perspectives from both CHWs and employers.
RESULTS RESULTS
Across 8 topics, mixed data analysis revealed 28 findings that were both complementary and unique across focus group and survey results. Results highlighted CHW skills and attributes, illustrated the recruitment and hiring process, and provided insight into measuring outcomes and outputs. Findings also indicated a need to build position validation, professional development, and billing and reimbursement capacity.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Building and sustaining the CHW workforce will require creating an evidence base of roles and impact, increasing awareness of existing reimbursement mechanisms, and sharing best practices across employer organizations to promote optimal recruitment, training, supervision, career development, and funding strategies.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35086545
doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-07469-6
pii: 10.1186/s12913-022-07469-6
pmc: PMC8792135
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

117

Subventions

Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : K01 CA241073
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR002529
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

© 2022. The Author(s).

Références

Ann Fam Med. 2006 Jul-Aug;4(4):292-4
pubmed: 16868231
Health Serv Res. 2017 Feb;52 Suppl 1:360-382
pubmed: 28127766
J Prim Prev. 2014 Apr;35(2):119-23
pubmed: 24363179
Health Aff (Millwood). 2020 Feb;39(2):207-213
pubmed: 32011942
Am J Public Health. 2017 Dec;107(12):1964-1969
pubmed: 29048953
Ethn Dis. 2011 Summer;21(3 Suppl 1):S1-45-51
pubmed: 22352080
New Solut. 2010;20(3):397-404
pubmed: 20943481
Am J Public Health. 2011 Dec;101(12):2253-60
pubmed: 21680932
JAMA Intern Med. 2014 Apr;174(4):535-43
pubmed: 24515422
Hum Resour Health. 2017 Sep 2;15(1):59
pubmed: 28865471
J Prim Care Community Health. 2020 Jan-Dec;11:2150132720953673
pubmed: 32909508
Health Educ Behav. 2008 Jun;35(3):376-95
pubmed: 17761540
Hum Resour Health. 2020 Jun 26;18(1):46
pubmed: 32586328
Hawaii J Med Public Health. 2019 Jun;78(6 Suppl 1):23-29
pubmed: 31285964
Am J Public Health. 2019 Feb;109(2):320-327
pubmed: 30571307
AIDS Behav. 2013 Nov;17(9):2927-34
pubmed: 23515640
Health Serv Res. 2007 Aug;42(4):1758-72
pubmed: 17286625
Am J Pharm Educ. 2010 Oct 11;74(8):141
pubmed: 21179252
Am J Public Health. 2017 Oct;107(10):1668-1674
pubmed: 28817321
Am J Public Health. 2017 Oct;107(10):1660-1667
pubmed: 28817334

Auteurs

Natalia M Rodriguez (NM)

College of Health and Human Sciences, Department of Public Health, Purdue University, 812 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.

Yumary Ruiz (Y)

College of Health and Human Sciences, Department of Public Health, Purdue University, 812 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.

Ashley H Meredith (AH)

College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University Center for Health Equity and Innovation, 640 Eskenazi Ave, Fifth Third Bank FOB, 3rd Floor, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.

Carlyn Kimiecik (C)

College of Health and Human Sciences, Department of Public Health, Purdue University, 812 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.

Omolola A Adeoye-Olatunde (OA)

College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University Center for Health Equity and Innovation, 640 Eskenazi Ave, Fifth Third Bank FOB, 3rd Floor, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.

Lynnet Francesca Kimera (LF)

College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University Center for Health Equity and Innovation, 640 Eskenazi Ave, Fifth Third Bank FOB, 3rd Floor, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.

Jasmine D Gonzalvo (JD)

College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University Center for Health Equity and Innovation, 640 Eskenazi Ave, Fifth Third Bank FOB, 3rd Floor, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. jgonzalv@purdue.edu.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH