Neurovascular anatomy of pronator quadratus for reanimation of blepharoptosis.
Anatomic study
Anatomy
Blepharoptosis
Cadaver
Free flap
Pronator quadratus
Journal
Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA
ISSN: 1279-8517
Titre abrégé: Surg Radiol Anat
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 8608029
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Feb 2022
Feb 2022
Historique:
received:
14
07
2021
accepted:
02
01
2022
pubmed:
7
2
2022
medline:
15
2
2022
entrez:
6
2
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Pronator quadratus (PQ) is a quadrilateral muscle on a volar distal side of the forearm. The purpose of this study was to establish a novel surgical technique for reanimation of the upper eyelid for severe ptosis using PQ functional free muscle flap. The current study is a cadaveric study, designed to assess a PQ free flap transfer that lies between the frontalis muscle and the upper eyelid. Fourteen PQ from fourteen embalmed cadavers were dissected, and their neurovascular pedicles were isolated. Then they were transferred to the area on the contralateral side between the frontalis muscle and upper eyelid tarsal cartilage. Measurements of the PQ flap, antebrachial region, orbitofrontal region, recipient vessels, and motor nerve were performed using a caliper. The extendibility of neurovascular pedicles was evaluated by measurements of lengths. In addition, the diameter of PQ flap vascular pedicle vessels was compared with recipient vessels. The mean width of the proximal border of PQ was 41.92 ± 2.05 mm and the distal border of the PQ was 42.84 ± 4.04 mm. The mean PQ artery (type II, Mathes-Nahai flap classification) length was found to be 117.72 ± 7.77 mm. The mean diameter of the anterior interosseous nerve was 1.89 ± 0.08 mm. The mean diameter of the uppermost branch of the frontal branch of the facial nerve was 1.18 ± 0.25 mm. The length and diameter of neurovascular pedicles of muscle flaps were adequate for microvascular anastomoses and neurorrhaphy. The results of this anatomical study demonstrate that the PQ free flap transfer has anatomical features that are suitable and compatible with the surgical treatment of blepharoptosis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35124737
doi: 10.1007/s00276-022-02882-2
pii: 10.1007/s00276-022-02882-2
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
207-213Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature.
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