Cerebral Blood Flow of the Frontal Lobe in Untreated Children with Trigonocephaly versus Healthy Controls: An Arterial Spin Labeling Study.
Journal
Plastic and reconstructive surgery
ISSN: 1529-4242
Titre abrégé: Plast Reconstr Surg
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 1306050
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 04 2022
01 04 2022
Historique:
pubmed:
17
2
2022
medline:
20
4
2022
entrez:
16
2
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Craniofacial surgery is the standard treatment for children with moderate to severe trigonocephaly. The added value of surgery to release restriction of the frontal lobes is unproven, however. In this study, the authors aim to address the hypothesis that the frontal lobe perfusion is not restricted in trigonocephaly patients by investigating cerebral blood flow. Between 2018 and 2020, trigonocephaly patients for whom a surgical correction was considered underwent magnetic resonance imaging brain studies with arterial spin labeling to measure cerebral perfusion. The mean value of cerebral blood flow in the frontal lobe was calculated for each subject and compared to that of healthy controls. Magnetic resonance imaging scans of 36 trigonocephaly patients (median age, 0.5 years; interquartile range, 0.3; 11 female patients) were included and compared to those of 16 controls (median age, 0.83 years; interquartile range, 0.56; 10 female patients). The mean cerebral blood flow values in the frontal lobe of the trigonocephaly patients (73.0 ml/100 g/min; SE, 2.97 ml/100 g/min) were not significantly different in comparison to control values (70.5 ml/100 g/min; SE, 4.45 ml/100 g/min; p = 0.65). The superior, middle, and inferior gyri of the frontal lobe showed no significant differences either. The authors' findings suggest that the frontal lobes of trigonocephaly patients aged less than 18 months have a normal cerebral blood flow before surgery. In addition to the very low prevalence of papilledema or impaired skull growth previously reported, this finding further supports the authors' hypothesis that craniofacial surgery for trigonocephaly is rarely indicated for signs of raised intracranial pressure or restricted perfusion for patients younger than 18 months. Risk, II.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Craniofacial surgery is the standard treatment for children with moderate to severe trigonocephaly. The added value of surgery to release restriction of the frontal lobes is unproven, however. In this study, the authors aim to address the hypothesis that the frontal lobe perfusion is not restricted in trigonocephaly patients by investigating cerebral blood flow.
METHODS
Between 2018 and 2020, trigonocephaly patients for whom a surgical correction was considered underwent magnetic resonance imaging brain studies with arterial spin labeling to measure cerebral perfusion. The mean value of cerebral blood flow in the frontal lobe was calculated for each subject and compared to that of healthy controls.
RESULTS
Magnetic resonance imaging scans of 36 trigonocephaly patients (median age, 0.5 years; interquartile range, 0.3; 11 female patients) were included and compared to those of 16 controls (median age, 0.83 years; interquartile range, 0.56; 10 female patients). The mean cerebral blood flow values in the frontal lobe of the trigonocephaly patients (73.0 ml/100 g/min; SE, 2.97 ml/100 g/min) were not significantly different in comparison to control values (70.5 ml/100 g/min; SE, 4.45 ml/100 g/min; p = 0.65). The superior, middle, and inferior gyri of the frontal lobe showed no significant differences either.
CONCLUSIONS
The authors' findings suggest that the frontal lobes of trigonocephaly patients aged less than 18 months have a normal cerebral blood flow before surgery. In addition to the very low prevalence of papilledema or impaired skull growth previously reported, this finding further supports the authors' hypothesis that craniofacial surgery for trigonocephaly is rarely indicated for signs of raised intracranial pressure or restricted perfusion for patients younger than 18 months.
CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Risk, II.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35171857
doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000008931
pii: 00006534-202204000-00031
doi:
Substances chimiques
Spin Labels
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
931-937Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.
Références
Cornelissen M, Ottelander BD, Rizopoulos D, et al. Increase of prevalence of craniosynostosis. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2016;44:1273–1279.
Cornelissen MJ, Loudon SE, van Doorn FEC, Muller RPM, van Veelen MC, Mathijssen IMJ. Very low prevalence of intracranial hypertension in trigonocephaly. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017;139:97e–104e.
Maltese G, Tarnow P, Wikberg E, et al. Intracranial volume before and after surgical treatment for isolated metopic synostosis. J Craniofac Surg. 2014;25:262–266.
van der Vlugt JJB, van der Meulen JJNM, Creemers HE, Verhulst FC, Hovius SER, Okkerse JME. Cognitive and behavioral functioning in 82 patients with trigonocephaly. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012;130:885–893.
Kelleher MO, Murray DJ, McGillivary A, Kamel MH, Allcutt D, Earley MJ. Behavioral, developmental, and educational problems in children with nonsyndromic trigonocephaly. J Neurosurg. 2006;105:382–384.
Mocquard C, Aillet S, Riffaud L. Recent advances in trigonocephaly. Neurochirurgie 2019;65:246–251.
Grandhi R, Peitz GW, Foley LM, et al. The influence of suturectomy on age-related changes in cerebral blood flow in rabbits with familial bicoronal suture craniosynostosis: A quantitative analysis. PLoS One 2018;13:e0197296.
Doerga PN, Lequin MH, Dremmen MHG, et al. Cerebral blood flow in children with syndromic craniosynostosis: Cohort arterial spin labeling studies. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2019;25:1–11.
Shimoji T, Shimabukuro S, Sugama S, Ochiai Y. Mild trigonocephaly with clinical symptoms: Analysis of surgical results in 65 patients. Childs Nerv Syst. 2002;18:215–224.
Sen A, Dougal P, Padhy AK, et al. Technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT cerebral blood flow study in children with craniosynostosis. J Nucl Med. 1995;36:394–398.
Alsop DC, Detre JA, Golay X, et al. Recommended implementation of arterial spin-labeled perfusion MRI for clinical applications: A consensus of the ISMRM perfusion study group and the European consortium for ASL in dementia. Magn Reson Med. 2015;73:102–116.
Keil VC, Hartkamp NS, Connolly DJA, et al. Added value of arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric neuroradiology: Pitfalls and applications. Pediatr Radiol. 2019;49:245–253.
Wang J, Licht DJ, Jahng GH, et al. Pediatric perfusion imaging using pulsed arterial spin labeling. J Magn Reson Imaging 2003;18:404–413.
Yerys BE, Herrington JD, Bartley GK, Liu HS, Detre JA, Schultz RT. Arterial spin labeling provides a reliable neurobiological marker of autism spectrum disorder. J Neurodev Disord. 2018;10:32.
Hales PW, d’Arco F, Cooper J, et al. Arterial spin labelling and diffusion-weighted imaging in paediatric brain tumours. Neuroimage Clin. 2019;22:101696.
Birgfeld CB, Saltzman BS, Hing AV, et al. Making the diagnosis: Metopic ridge versus metopic craniosynostosis. J Craniofac Surg. 2013;24:178–185.
Mutsaerts HJMM, Petr J, Groot P, et al. ExploreASL: An image processing pipeline for multi-center ASL perfusion MRI studies. Neuroimage 2020;219:117031.
Shi F, Yap PT, Wu G, et al. Infant brain atlases from neonates to 1- and 2-year-olds. PLoS One 2011;6:e18746.
Mutsaerts HJMM, Petr J, Thomas DL, et al.; GENFI investigators. Comparison of arterial spin labeling registration strategies in the multi-center GENetic frontotemporal dementia initiative (GENFI). J Magn Reson Imaging. 2018;47:131–140.
Ashburner J, Friston KJ. Nonlinear spatial normalization using basis functions. Hum Brain Mapp. 1999;7:254–266.
Hammers A, Allom R, Koepp MJ, et al. Three-dimensional maximum probability atlas of the human brain, with particular reference to the temporal lobe. Hum Brain Mapp. 2003;19:224–247.
R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2020 Available at: https://www.R-project.org/ .
Calpena E, Hervieu A, Kaserer T, et al. De novo missense substitutions in the gene encoding CDK8, a regulator of the mediator complex, cause a syndromic developmental disorder. Am J Hum Genet. 2019;104:709–720.
Reijnders MRF, Miller KA, Alvi M, et al. De novo and inherited loss-of-function variants in TLK2: Clinical and genotype-phenotype evaluation of a distinct neurodevelopmental disorder. Am J Hum Genet. 2018;102:1195–1203.
Carsin-Vu A, Corouge I, Commowick O, et al. Measurement of pediatric regional cerebral blood flow from 6 months to 15 years of age in a clinical population. Eur J Radiol. 2018;101:38–44.
Tortora D, Mattei PA, Navarra R, et al. Prematurity and brain perfusion: Arterial spin labeling MRI. Neuroimage Clin. 2017;15:401–407.
Duncan AF, Caprihan A, Montague EQ, Lowe J, Schrader R, Phillips JP. Regional cerebral blood flow in children from 3 to 5 months of age. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014;35:593–598.
Kim HG, Lee JH, Choi JW, Han M, Gho SM, Moon Y. Multidelay arterial spin-labeling MRI in neonates and infants: Cerebral perfusion changes during brain maturation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2018;39:1912–1918.
Feng L, Li H, Oishi K, et al. Age-specific gray and white matter DTI atlas for human brain at 33, 36 and 39 postmenstrual weeks. Neuroimage 2019;185:685–698.
Wong AM, Yeh CH, Lin JJ, et al. Arterial spin-labeling perfusion imaging of childhood encephalitis: Correlation with seizure and clinical outcome. Neuroradiology 2018;60:961–970.