Lipopolysaccharide and the gut microbiota: considering structural variation.
gut barrier
gut microbiome
immunity
inflammation
lipopolysaccharide binding protein
lipopolysaccharide variant
lipopolysaccharides
metabolic endotoxemia
obesity
Journal
FEBS letters
ISSN: 1873-3468
Titre abrégé: FEBS Lett
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0155157
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 2022
04 2022
Historique:
revised:
16
02
2022
received:
29
10
2021
accepted:
17
02
2022
pubmed:
10
3
2022
medline:
14
4
2022
entrez:
9
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Systemic inflammation is associated with chronic disease and is purported to be a main pathogenic mechanism underlying metabolic conditions. Microbes harbored in the host gastrointestinal tract release signaling byproducts from their cell wall, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which can act locally and, after crossing the gut barrier and entering circulation, also systemically. Defined as metabolic endotoxemia, elevated concentrations of LPS in circulation are associated with metabolic conditions and chronic disease. As such, measurement of LPS is highly prevalent in animal and human research investigating these states. Indeed, LPS can be a potent stimulant of host immunity, but this response depends on the microbial species' origin, a parameter often overlooked in both preclinical and clinical investigations. Indeed, the lipid A portion of LPS is mutable and comprises the main virulence and endotoxic component, thus contributing to the structural and functional diversity among LPSs from microbial species. In this review, we discuss how such structural differences in LPS can induce differential immunological responses in the host.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35262962
doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.14328
doi:
Substances chimiques
Endotoxins
0
Lipopolysaccharides
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
849-875Informations de copyright
© 2022 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.
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