Association of MRI-based adrenal gland volume and impaired glucose metabolism in a population-based cohort study.
Adrenal Glands
/ diagnostic imaging
Biomarkers
Blood Glucose
/ metabolism
Case-Control Studies
Cohort Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Female
Glucose
Humans
Hypertension
Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System
/ metabolism
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Pituitary-Adrenal System
/ metabolism
Prediabetic State
/ pathology
Reproducibility of Results
MRI
adrenal gland
impaired glucose metabolism
prediabetes
segmentation
type 2 diabetes mellitus
Journal
Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
ISSN: 1520-7560
Titre abrégé: Diabetes Metab Res Rev
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100883450
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2022
07 2022
Historique:
revised:
15
01
2022
received:
17
07
2021
accepted:
26
01
2022
pubmed:
19
3
2022
medline:
9
7
2022
entrez:
18
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The aim of this study was to assess adrenal gland volume by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to study its role as an indirect marker of impaired glucose metabolism and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation in a population-based cohort. Asymptomatic participants were enrolled in a nested case-control study and underwent a 3-T MRI, including T1w-VIBE-Dixon sequences. For the assessment of adrenal gland volume, adrenal glands were manually segmented in a blinded fashion. Impaired glucose metabolism was determined using fasting glucose and oral glucose tolerance test. Cardiometabolic risk factors were also obtained. Inter- and intrareader reliability as well as univariate and multivariate associations were derived. Among 375 subjects included in the analysis (58.5% male, 56.1 ± 9.1 years), 25.3% participants had prediabetes and 13.6% had type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Total adrenal gland volume was 11.2 ± 4.2 ml and differed significantly between impaired glucose metabolism and healthy controls with largest total adrenal gland volume in T2DM (healthy controls: 10.0 ± 3.9 ml, prediabetes: 12.5 ± 3.8 ml, T2DM: 13.9 ± 4.6 ml; p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, association of T2DM and increased adrenal gland volume was independent of age, sex, hypertension, triglycerides and body mass index (BMI), but was attenuated in subjects with prediabetes after adjustment for BMI. T2DM is significantly associated with increased adrenal gland volume by MRI in an asymptomatic cohort, independent of age, sex, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and BMI. Adrenal gland volume may represent an indirect marker of impaired glucose metabolism and HPA axis dysfunction.
Substances chimiques
Biomarkers
0
Blood Glucose
0
Glucose
IY9XDZ35W2
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e3528Informations de copyright
© 2022 The Authors. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Références
Björntorp P, Rosmond R. Obesity and cortisol. Nutrition. 2000;16(10):924-936.
Fruehwald-Schultes B, Kern W, Bong W, et al. Supraphysiological hyperinsulinemia acutely increases hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal secretory activity in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84(9):3041-3046.
King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH. Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(9):1414-1431.
Diz-Chaves Y, Gil-Lozano M, Toba L, et al. Stressing diabetes? The hidden links between insulinotropic peptides and the HPA axis. J Endocrinol. 2016;230(2):R77-R94.
Elahi-Moghaddam Z, Behnam-Rassouli M, Mahdavi-Shahri N, Hajinejad-Boshroue R, Khajouee E. Comparative study on the effects of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on structural changes and hormonal output of the adrenal cortex in male Wistar rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2013;12(1):9.
Vicennati V, Pasquali R. Abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in nondepressed women with abdominal obesity and relations with insulin resistance: evidence for a central and a peripheral alteration. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85(11):4093-4098.
Godoy-Matos AF, Vieira AR, Moreira RO, et al. The potential role of increased adrenal volume in the pathophysiology of obesity-related type 2 diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest. 2006;29(2):159-163.
Imaki T, Naruse M, Takano K. Adrenocortical hyperplasia associated with ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome: comparison of the size of adrenal glands with clinical and endocrinological data. Endocr J. 2004;51(1):89-95.
Golden SH, Wand GS, Malhotra S, Kamel I, Horton K. Reliability of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis assessment methods for use in population-based studies. Eur J Epidemiol. 2011;26(7):511-525.
Grant LA, Napolitano A, Miller S, Stephens K, McHugh SM, Dixon AK. A pilot study to assess the feasibility of measurement of adrenal gland volume by magnetic resonance imaging. Acta Radiol. 2010;51(1):117-120.
Kahl KG, Schweiger U, Pars K, et al. Adrenal gland volume, intra-abdominal and pericardial adipose tissue in major depressive disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015;58:1-8.
Ludescher B, Najib A, Baar S, et al. Gender specific correlations of adrenal gland size and body fat distribution: a whole body MRI study. Horm Metab Res. 2007;39(7):515-518.
Hussain HK, Korobkin M. MR imaging of the adrenal glands. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2004;12(3):515-544.
Freel EM, Nicholas RS, Sudarshan T, et al. Assessment of the accuracy and reproducibility of adrenal volume measurements using MRI and its relationship with corticosteroid phenotype: a normal volunteer pilot study. Clin Endocrinol. 2013;79(4):484-490.
Kessing LV, Willer IS, Knorr U. Volume of the adrenal and pituitary glands in depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2011;36(1):19-27.
Holle R, Happich M, Lowel H, Wichmann HE, Group MKS. KORA -- a research platform for population based health research. Gesundheitswesen. 2005;67(Suppl 1):S19-S25.
Bamberg F, Hetterich H, Rospleszcz S, et al. Subclinical disease burden as assessed by whole-body MRI in subjects with prediabetes, subjects with diabetes, and normal control subjects from the general population: the KORA-MRI study. Diabetes. 2017;66(1):158-169.
Organization WH, Federation ID. Definition and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and Intermediate Hyperglycemia: Report of a WHO/IDF Consultation. World Health Organization; 2006:13-28.
R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation Statistical Computing; 2020.
Lundervold AS, Lundervold A. An overview of deep learning in medical imaging focusing on MRI. Z Med Phys. 2019;29(2):102-127.
What the radiologist should know about artificial intelligence - an ESR white paper. Insights Imaging. 2019;10(1):44.
Ludescher B, Najib A, Baar S, et al. Increase of visceral fat and adrenal gland volume in women with depression: preliminary results of a morphometric MRI study. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2008;38(3):229-240.
Serifoglu I, Oz II, Bilici M. The adrenal gland volume measurements in manifestation of the metabolic status in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients. Int J Endocrinol. 2016;2016:7195849.
Carsin-Vu A, Oubaya N, Mulé S, et al. MDCT linear and volumetric analysis of adrenal glands: normative data and multiparametric assessment. Eur Radiol. 2016;26(8):2494-2501.
Edwards JL, Vincent AM, Cheng HT, Feldman EL. Diabetic neuropathy: mechanisms to management. Pharmacol Ther. 2008;120(1):1-34.
Barber M, Kasturi BS, Austin ME, Patel KP, MohanKumar SM, MohanKumar PS. Diabetes-induced neuroendocrine changes in rats: role of brain monoamines, insulin and leptin. Brain Res. 2003;964(1):128-135.
Chan O, Inouye K, Riddell MC, Vranic M, Matthews SG. Diabetes and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Minerva Endocrinol. 2003;28(2):87-102.
van
Raalte DH, Ouwens DM, Diamant M. Novel insights into glucocorticoid-mediated diabetogenic effects: towards expansion of therapeutic options? Eur J Clin Invest. 2009;39(2):81-93.
Di Dalmazi G, Pagotto U, Pasquali R, Vicennati V. Glucocorticoids and type 2 diabetes: from physiology to pathology. J Nutr Metab. 2012;2012:525093.
Ferris HA, Kahn CR. New mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance: make no bones about it. J Clin Invest. 2012;122(11):3854-3857.
Vegiopoulos A, Herzig S. Glucocorticoids, metabolism and metabolic diseases. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2007;275(1-2):43-61.
Appel MC, Schibly BA, Kamara JA, Sorenson RL. Adrenal gland involvement in mice with hereditary obesity and diabetes mellitus. Morphological studies. Diabetologia. 1979;16(6):391-398.
Whitworth JA, Mangos GJ, Kelly JJ. Cushing, cortisol, and cardiovascular disease. Hypertension. 2000;36(5):912-916.
Si MW, Yang MK, Fu XD. Effect of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis alterations on glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic rats. Genet Mol Res. 2015;14(3):9562-9570.