Associations between neighborhood socioeconomic status, parental education, and executive system activation in youth.
adversity
development
executive function
fMRI
working memory
Journal
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
ISSN: 1460-2199
Titre abrégé: Cereb Cortex
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9110718
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 02 2023
07 02 2023
Historique:
received:
12
08
2021
revised:
16
02
2022
accepted:
17
02
2022
pubmed:
30
3
2022
medline:
18
2
2023
entrez:
29
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Socioeconomic status (SES) can impact cognitive performance, including working memory (WM). As executive systems that support WM undergo functional neurodevelopment during adolescence, environmental stressors at both individual and community levels may influence cognitive outcomes. Here, we sought to examine how SES at the neighborhood and family level impacts task-related activation of the executive system during adolescence and determine whether this effect mediates the relationship between SES and WM performance. To address these questions, we studied 1,150 youths (age 8-23) that completed a fractal n-back WM task during functional magnetic resonance imaging at 3T as part of the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. We found that both higher neighborhood SES and parental education were associated with greater activation of the executive system to WM load, including the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, and precuneus. The association of neighborhood SES remained significant when controlling for task performance, or related factors like exposure to traumatic events. Furthermore, high-dimensional multivariate mediation analysis identified distinct patterns of brain activity within the executive system that significantly mediated the relationship between measures of SES and task performance. These findings underscore the importance of multilevel environmental factors in shaping executive system function and WM in youth.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35348659
pii: 6554953
doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhac120
pmc: PMC9930626
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1058-1073Subventions
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : RF1MH116920
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K23 MH120437
Pays : United States
Organisme : National Institute of Aging
ID : R56AG066656
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : S10 OD023495
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIBIB NIH HHS
ID : R01EB016061
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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