Unravelling the tumour genome: The evolutionary and clinical impacts of structural variants in tumourigenesis.
chromothripsis
extrachromosomal DNA
patient stratification
structural variants
tumour evolution
whole genome sequencing
Journal
The Journal of pathology
ISSN: 1096-9896
Titre abrégé: J Pathol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0204634
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2022
07 2022
Historique:
revised:
16
03
2022
received:
21
01
2022
accepted:
28
03
2022
pubmed:
1
4
2022
medline:
8
7
2022
entrez:
31
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Structural variants (SVs) represent a major source of aberration in tumour genomes. Given the diversity in the size and type of SVs present in tumours, the accurate detection and interpretation of SVs in tumours is challenging. New classes of complex structural events in tumours are discovered frequently, and the definitions of the genomic consequences of complex events are constantly being refined. Detailed analyses of short-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from large tumour cohorts facilitate the interrogation of SVs at orders of magnitude greater scale and depth. However, the inherent technical limitations of short-read WGS prevent us from accurately detecting and investigating the impact of all the SVs present in tumours. The expanded use of long-read WGS will be critical for improving the accuracy of SV detection, and in fully resolving complex SV events, both of which are crucial for determining the impact of SVs on tumour progression and clinical outcome. Despite the present limitations, we demonstrate that SVs play an important role in tumourigenesis. In particular, SVs contribute significantly to late-stage tumour development and to intratumoural heterogeneity. The evolutionary trajectories of SVs represent a window into the clonal dynamics in tumours, a comprehensive understanding of which will be vital for influencing patient outcomes in the future. Recent findings have highlighted many clinical applications of SVs in cancer, from early detection to biomarkers for treatment response and prognosis. As the methods to detect and interpret SVs improve, elucidating the full breadth of the complex SV landscape and determining how these events modulate tumour evolution will improve our understanding of cancer biology and our ability to capitalise on the utility of SVs in the clinical management of cancer patients. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35355264
doi: 10.1002/path.5901
pmc: PMC9321913
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
479-493Subventions
Organisme : Cancer Research UK
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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