Quantitative exposure assessment and risk characterization for fipronil residues in laying hen eggs.
exposure assessment
fipronil egg residues
fipronil sulfone egg residues
laying hen eggs
risk characterization
Journal
Journal of food science
ISSN: 1750-3841
Titre abrégé: J Food Sci
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0014052
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2022
Jun 2022
Historique:
revised:
29
03
2022
received:
27
01
2022
accepted:
31
03
2022
pubmed:
10
5
2022
medline:
24
6
2022
entrez:
9
5
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Poultry production is linked to veterinary drug use to treat diseases. Few ectoparasitic compounds are approved for poultry. Fipronil is a pesticide widely used in agriculture. It is also a drug authorized to control ectoparasites in small animals and, in some countries, in cattle. There has been evidence of fipronil extra-label use in laying hens, mainly to control the red mite Dermanyssus gallinae. Fipronil's popularity is due to its high toxicity to invertebrates. It could be metabolized to more toxic metabolites that potentially damage human health. In the present study, we carry out a quantitative exposure assessment and risk characterization for fipronil residues in laying hen eggs for local consumption in five cities of Buenos Aires province in Argentina, namely, Azul, Balcarce, Juarez, Chaves, and Tandil. Consumption surveys and egg sampling were conducted for three summer periods. Eggs were analyzed by UFLC-MS-MS. Fipronil prevalence, residue concentrations, residue stability to cooking methods, egg consumption, among the most important variables were modeled. The results indicated that 20.7% of samples contained fipronil residues. The highest residue was fipronil sulfone metabolite. Fipronil concentrations quantified ranged between 10 and 2510 ppb (median value = 150 ppb). When eggs were cooked, fipronil residues were stable. The exposure assessment and risk characterization revealed that the highest probability of consuming eggs with fipronil residues above the admissible limits was for young adults (20.8%), followed by babies (16.9%), young children (16.4%), children (13.4%), teenagers (10.3%), older adults (9.41%), and adults (8.65%). These results suggest an unacceptable risk associated with egg consumption with fipronil residues for all age groups. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Fipronil is widely used as an extra-label way on laying hens since its use is prohibited in poultry production both in Argentina and in most countries. This molecule has been classified as Class II, a moderately hazardous pesticide because it could damage various human organs. Fipronil residues in eggs could be one of the exposure pathways for consumers. Monitoring residual levels and carrying out the health risk assessment in eggs are thus in an urge.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35534087
doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.16161
doi:
Substances chimiques
Pesticides
0
Pyrazoles
0
fipronil
QGH063955F
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2775-2788Informations de copyright
© 2022 Institute of Food Technologists®.
Références
Abad, J. (2007). Consumo de huevos: Proteínas de mayor valor biológico. Asociación Latinoamericana de Avicultura. Boletín, https://www.produccion-animal.com.ar/produccion_aves/produccion_avicola/61-huevo_alimento.pdf
Alaboudi, A., Basha, E. A., & Musallam, I. (2013). Chlortetracycline and sulfanilamide residues in table eggs: Prevalence, distribution between yolk and white and effect of refrigeration and heat treatment. Food Control, 33(1), 281-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.03.014
Arcella, D., Boobis, A., Cressey, P., Erdely, H., Fattori, V., Leblanc, J. C., Lipp, M., Reuss, R., Scheid, S., Tritscher, A., Van der Velde-Koerts, T., & Verger, P. (2019). Harmonized methodology to assess chronic dietary exposure to residues from compounds used as pesticide and veterinary drug. Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 49(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2019.1578729
Cafiero, M. A., Barlaam, A., Camarda, A., Radeski, M., Mul, M., Sparagano, O., & Giangaspero, A. (2019). Dermanysuss gallinae attacks humans. Mind the gap! Avian Pathology, 48(sup1), S22-S34.
Canton, L., Alvarez, L., Canton, C., Ceballos, L., Farias, C., Lanusse, C., & Moreno, L. (2019). Effect of cooking on the stability of veterinary drug residues in chicken eggs. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 36(7), 1055-1067. https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2019.1609704
Canton, L., Canton, C., Ceballos, L., Domínguez, P., Rodríguez, J., Lanusse, C., Alvarez, L., & Moreno, L. (2021). Oral and topical extra-label administration of fipronil to laying hens: Assessment of the egg residue patterns. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 44, 808-819. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12965
CAPIA. (2020). Cámara Argentina de Productores Avícolas. Argentina incrementa consumo de huevos. https://www.capia.com.ar/noticias/650-argentina-incrementa-consumo-de-huevos
CODEX. (2018). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO). Maximum residue limits (MRLs) and risk management recommendations (RMRs) for residues of veterinary drugs in foods CAC/MRL. http://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/maximum-residue-limits/en/
CREHA. (2018). Residue and food hygiene national control plan. Annual report. 2018. https://www.argentina.gob.ar/sites/default/files/resumen_de_resultados._plan_de_residuos_20181.pdf
Dorne, J. L. C. M., & Fink-Gremmels, J. (2013). Human and animal health risk assessments of chemicals in the food chain: Comparative aspects and future perspectives. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 270(3), 187-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2012.03.013
EFSA. (2018). Scientific report on the occurrence of residues of fipronil and other acaricides in chicken eggs and poultry muscle/fat. EFSA Journal, 16(5), 5164. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5164
EPA. (1996). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Fipronil Pesticide Fact Sheet. PB96-181516. EPA-737-F-96-005. Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances.
EPA. (1997). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Tolerance Petition for Residues of Fipronil in or on Corn and Animal RAC's: HED Risk Assessment. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
European Commission. (2005). Regulation no. 396/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 February 2005 on maximum residue levels of pesticides in or on food and feed of plant and animal origin and amending Council Directive 91/414/EEC. http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2005/396/oj
European Commission. (2017). Summary report of the standing committee on plants, animals, food and feed held in Brussels on 30 august 2017. Section Novel Food and Toxicological Safety of the Food Chain.
FAO. (2015). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAO statistical pocketbook: World food and agriculture. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4691e.pdf
FAO/WHO. (2016). Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization. Report of the Joint Meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food and the Environment and the WHO Core Assessment Group. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper, 229. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6585e.pdf
Farrell, D. (2013). Función de las aves de corral en la nutrición humana. Food & Agriculture Organization, Revisión del Desarrollo Avícola. 2013; 2-3. http://www.fao.org/3/al709s/al709s00.pdf
Flochlay, A. S., Thomas, E., & Sparagano, O. (2017). Poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) infestation: A broad impact parasitological disease that still remains a significant challenge for the egg-laying industry in Europe. Parasites & Vectors, 10(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2292-4
Gerletti, P., Von Kleist, M., Mielke, H., Kuhl, T., Pieper, R., Lahrssen-Wiederholt, M., & Numata, J. (2020). Transfer kinetics of fipronil into chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) eggs. Computational Toxicology, 15, 100131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comtox.2020.100131
Guo, Q., Zhao, S., Zhang, J., Qi, K., Du, Z., & Shao, B. (2018). Determination of fipronil and its metabolites in chicken egg, muscle and cake by a modified QuEChERS method coupled with LC-MS/MS. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 35(8), 1543-1552. https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2018.1472395
Gupta, R. C., & Anadón, A. (2018). Fipronil. Veterinary toxicology (pp. 533-538). Academic press.
Hainzl, D., & Casida, J. E. (1996). Fipronil insecticide: Novel photochemical desulfinylation with retention of neurotoxicity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(23), 12764-12767.
Heshmati, A. (2015). Impact of cooking procedures on antibacterial drug residues in foods: A review. Journal of Food Quality and Hazards Control, 2(2), 33-37.
Hingmire, S., Oulkar, D. P., Utture, S. C., Shabeer, T. A., & Banerjee, K. (2015). Residue analysis of fipronil and difenoconazole in okra by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and their food safety evaluation. Food Chemistry, 176, 145-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.12.049
Hurley, P. M. (1998). Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents. Environmental Health Perspectives, 106(8), 437-445. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.98106437
Kilpinen, O., Roepstorff, A., Permin, A., Nørgaard-Nielsen, G., Lawson, L. G., & Simonsen, H. B. (2005). Influence of Dermanyssus gallinae and Ascaridia galli infections on behaviour and health of laying hens (Gallus gallus domesticus). British Poultry Science, 46(1), 26-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660400023839
Kim, H. S., & Hur, S. J. (2018). Degradation of various insecticides in cooked eggs during in vitro human digestion. Environmental Pollution, 243, 437-443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.021
Kim, Y. A., Yoon, Y. S., Kim, H. S., Jeon, S. J., Cole, E., Lee, J., Kho, Y., & Cho, Y. H. (2019). Distribution of fipronil in humans, and adverse health outcomes of in utero fipronil sulfone exposure in newborns. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 222(3), 524-532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.01.009
Kitulagodage, M., Buttemer, W. A., & Astheimer, L. B. (2011). Adverse effects of fipronil on avian reproduction and development: Maternal transfer of fipronil to eggs in zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata and in ovo exposure in chickens Gallus domesticus. Ecotoxicology, 20(4), 653-660. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-011-0605-5
Liang, S. X., Zhao, Z., Fan, C. L., Xu, J. Z., Li, H., Chang, Q. Y., & Pang, G. F. (2019). Fipronil residues and risk assessment of Chinese marketed fruits and vegetables: A long-term investigation over 6 years. Food Control, 106, 106734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106734
Lopez-Antia, A., Ortiz-Santaliestra, M. E., Camarero, P. R., Mougeot, F., & Mateo, R. (2015). Assessing the risk of fipronil-treated seed ingestion and associated adverse effects in the red-legged partridge. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(22), 13649-13657. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b03822
Marmulak, T., Tell, L. A., Gehring, R., Baynes, R. E., Vickroy, T. W., & Riviere, J. E. (2015). Egg residue considerations during the treatment of backyard poultry. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 247(12), 1388-1395. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.247.12.1388
Ministerio de Salud (2012). Alimentos Consumidos en Argentina. Resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Nutrición y Salud. ENNyS; 2004/5. Ministerio de Salud. http://www.extensioncbc.com.ar/wp-content/uploads/ENNyS-2007.pdf
Patil, S. R., & Frey, H. C. (2004). Comparison of sensitivity analysis methods based on applications to a food safety risk assessment model. Risk Analysis: An International Journal, 24(3), 573-585.
Prohaczik, A., Menge, M., Huyghe, B., Flochlay-Sigognault, A., & Le Traon, G. (2017). Safety of fluralaner oral solution, a novel systemic antiparasitic treatment for chickens, in laying hens after oral administration via drinking water. Parasites Vectors, 10, 363.
Reuss, R. (2014). Seventy-eighth meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives © World Health Organization 2014. Annex 3-Pilot of new approaches to estimate dietary exposure to veterinary drug residues. Residue Evaluation of Certain Veterinary Drugs, https://www.who.int/foodsafety/chem/Annex1_Pilot_of_Dietary_Exposure_Assessment.pdf
Salgado, V. L., Schatterer, S., & Holmes, K. A. (2012). Ligand-gated chloride channel antagonists (fiproles). Modern Crop Protection Compounds (2nd ed.), 3, 1283-1305.
Sparagano, O. A. E., George, D. R., Harrington, D. W. J., & Giangaspero, A. (2014). Significance and control of the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae. Annual Review of Entomology, 59, 447-466.
Stafford, E. G., Tell, L. A., Lin, Z., Davis, J. L., Vickroy, T. W., Riviere, J. E., & Baynes, R. E. (2018). Consequences of fipronil exposure in egg-laying hens. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 253(1), 57-60. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.253.1.57
Tingle, C. C., Rother, J. A., Dewhurst, C. F., Lauer, S., & King, W. J. (2003). Fipronil: Environmental fate, ecotoxicology, and human health concerns. Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology (1-66). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7283-5_1
WHO (2008). Dietary exposure assessment of chemicals in food: Report of a joint FAO/WHO consultation, Annapolis, Maryland, USA, 2-6 May 2005. World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44027/9789241597470_eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
WHO (2020). World Health Organization. WHO recommended classification of pesticides by hazard and guidelines to classification, 2019 edition. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/332193/9789240005662-eng.pdf