Changes in patterns of eating habits and food intake during the first German COVID-19 lockdown: results of a cross-sectional online survey.
Coronavirus
Dietary habits
Eating behavior
Lifestyle
Pandemic
Journal
European journal of nutrition
ISSN: 1436-6215
Titre abrégé: Eur J Nutr
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 100888704
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2022
Sep 2022
Historique:
received:
02
12
2021
accepted:
19
05
2022
pubmed:
28
6
2022
medline:
12
8
2022
entrez:
27
6
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The COVID-19 pandemic and public measures have a direct impact on the nutrition situation; studies show changes in food consumption, eating behavior or body weight but complex pattern analyses of changes rarely exist. During the first German lockdown, a web-based survey was conducted among adults. It included 33 questions about changes in food intake, eating habits and physical activity, as well as anthropometrics and sociodemographic factors. Patterns of change were calculated based on changes in food intake and eating habits using two-step cluster analysis. To identify influencing factors for assignment to the patterns of change, binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Data from 2103 participants (81% female, 40 ± 14 years) were considered for analysis. Increased stockpiling, cooking, and variation in preparation was reported by 50-70%. The constant pattern (C-P, 36%) reported little change besides the above. The health-oriented pattern (HO-P; 37%) reported eating more healthy foods, avoiding unhealthy foods, and eating less and less frequently. The emotional-driven pattern (ED-P; 28%) exhibits higher influence of emotions on eating behavior, less avoidance of unhealthy foods, and increased consumption of sweets, pastries, and alcohol. The odds of changing eating behavior either to HO-P or ED-P were higher in women, people with migration background, younger participants, and increased with BMI categories. Both, the ED-P and HO-P, exhibit distinctive reactions in eating habits and food intake when dealing with a distressing experience. In subgroups, these may lead to disturbances in eating behavior and increase the risk for eating disorders and obesity.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35759031
doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02919-7
pii: 10.1007/s00394-022-02919-7
pmc: PMC9244021
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
3293-3306Subventions
Organisme : Stiftung Universitätsmedizin Essen
ID : 2020 4699 128
Commentaires et corrections
Type : ErratumIn
Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s).
Références
WHO (2020) Coronavirus disease 2019 Situation Report—51. COVID-19 Weekly Epidemiological Update and Weekly Operational Update. World Health Organisation, Geneva
RKI (2020) Daily Situation Report of the Robert Koch Institute 10/03/2020. Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
Leopoldina, (2020) Coronavirus Pandemic in Germany: Challenges and Options for Intervention Ad-hoc statements. German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina, Halle
RKI (2020) Daily Situation Report of the Robert Koch Institute 22/03/2020. Robert Koch Institute, Berlin
Ahmed MZ, Ahmed O, Aibao Z, Hanbin S, Siyu L, Ahmad A (2020) Epidemic of COVID-19 in China and associated psychological problems. Asian J Psychiatr 51:102092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102092
doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102092
pubmed: 32315963
pmcid: 7194662
Bauerle A, Teufel M, Musche V, Weismuller B, Kohler H, Hetkamp M, Dorrie N, Schweda A, Skoda EM (2020) Increased generalized anxiety, depression and distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Germany. J Public Health (Oxf) 42(4):672–678. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaa106
doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa106
Peters A, Rospleszcz S, Greiser KH, Dallavalle M, Berger K, Complete list of authors available under C (2020) The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-reported health. Dtsch Arztebl Int 117(50):861–867. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2020.0861
doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2020.0861
pubmed: 33295275
pmcid: 8025933
Cenat JM, Blais-Rochette C, Kokou-Kpolou CK, Noorishad PG, Mukunzi JN, McIntee SE, Dalexis RD, Goulet MA, Labelle PR (2021) Prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, posttraumatic stress disorder, and psychological distress among populations affected by the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 295:113599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113599
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113599
pubmed: 33285346
Lim MC, Parsons S, Goglio A, Fox E (2021) Anxiety, stress, and binge eating tendencies in adolescence: a prospective approach. J Eat Disord 9(1):94. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-021-00444-2
doi: 10.1186/s40337-021-00444-2
pubmed: 34344454
pmcid: 8330038
Hooker D, Convisser E (1983) Women’s eating problems: an analysis of a coping mechanism. Pers Guid J 62(4):236–239
doi: 10.1111/j.2164-4918.1983.tb00194.x
Soares MJ, Muller MJ (2020) Editorial: nutrition and COVID-19. Eur J Clin Nutr 74(6):849. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-020-0647-y
doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-0647-y
pubmed: 32518390
pmcid: 7280778
Mignogna C, Costanzo S, Ghulam A, Cerletti C, Donati MB, de Gaetano G, Iacoviello L, Bonaccio M (2021) Impact of nationwide lockdowns resulting from the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on food intake, eating behaviours and diet quality: a systematic review. Adv Nutr. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmab130
doi: 10.1093/advances/nmab130
pubmed: 34967842
pmcid: 8755350
Zeigler Z (2021) COVID-19 self-quarantine and weight gain risk factors in adults. Curr Obes Rep 10(3):423–433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-021-00449-7
doi: 10.1007/s13679-021-00449-7
pubmed: 34251647
pmcid: 8273568
Sadler JR, Thapaliya G, Jansen E, Aghababian AH, Smith KR, Carnell S (2021) COVID-19 stress and food intake: protective and risk factors for stress-related palatable food intake in U.S adults. Nutrients 13(3):901
doi: 10.3390/nu13030901
Sanchez E, Lecube A, Bellido D, Monereo S, Malagon MM, Tinahones FJ, On Behalf Of The Spanish Society For The Study Of O (2021) Leading factors for weight gain during COVID-19 lockdown in a Spanish population: a cross-sectional study. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030894
doi: 10.3390/nu13030894
pubmed: 35010974
pmcid: 8747019
Buckland NJ, Kemps E (2021) Low craving control predicts increased high energy density food intake during the COVID-19 lockdown: result replicated in an Australian sample. Appetite 166:105317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105317
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105317
pubmed: 34048847
Buckland NJ, Swinnerton LF, Ng K, Price M, Wilkinson LL, Myers A, Dalton M (2021) Susceptibility to increased high energy dense sweet and savoury food intake in response to the COVID-19 lockdown: the role of craving control and acceptance coping strategies. Appetite 158:105017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.105017
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105017
pubmed: 33161044
Diehl J (1999) Attitude to eating and body weight by 11- to 16-year-old adolescents. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 129(5):162–175
pubmed: 10081074
Haftenberger M, Heuer T, Heidemann C, Kube F, Krems C, Mensink GB (2010) Relative validation of a food frequency questionnaire for national health and nutrition monitoring. Nutr J 9:36
doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-9-36
Rathus JL, Wagner D, Miller AM (2015) Psychometric evaluation of the life problems inventory, a measure of borderline personality features in adolescents. J Psychol Psychother 5(4):1–9
Scheier MF, Carver CS (1985) Optimism, coping, and health: assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychol 4(3):219–247. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-6133.4.3.219
doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.4.3.219
pubmed: 4029106
Thiel A, Paul T (2006) Test-retest reliability of the eating disorder inventory 2. J Psychosom Res 61(4):567–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.02.015
doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.02.015
pubmed: 17011367
WHO (2000) Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic Report of a WHO consultation. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser Vol 894: i-xii, 1–253
Destatis (2020) Bevölkerung und Erwerbstätigkeit, Bevölkerung mit Migrationshintergrund – Ergebnisse des Mikrozensus 2019. vol 2.2, 1 edn. Statistisches Bundesamt
Michels KB, Willett WC (2009) Self-administered semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires: patterns, predictors, and interpretation of omitted items. Epidemiology 20(2):295–301. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181931515
doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181931515
pubmed: 19106799
pmcid: 3935217
Schendera CFG (2014) Regressionsanalyse mit SPSS. 2. korrigierte und aktualisierte Auflage edn. De Gruyter Oldenbourg, München
Greenland S, Pearl J, Robins JM (1999) Causal diagrams for epidemiologic research. Epidemiology 10(1):37–48
doi: 10.1097/00001648-199901000-00008
IBM (2019) SPSS Statistics for Windows, 27th edn. Armonk, NY
Bennett G, Young E, Butler I, Coe S (2021) The impact of lockdown during the COVID-19 outbreak on dietary habits in various population groups: a scoping review. Front Nutr 8:626432. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.626432
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.626432
pubmed: 33748175
pmcid: 7969646
Lamarche B, Brassard D, Lapointe A, Laramee C, Kearney M, Cote M, Belanger-Gravel A, Desroches S, Lemieux S, Plante C (2021) Changes in diet quality and food security among adults during the COVID-19-related early lockdown: results from NutriQuebec. Am J Clin Nutr 113(4):984–992. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa363
doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa363
pubmed: 33398347
Deschasaux-Tanguy M, Druesne-Pecollo N, Esseddik Y, de Edelenyi FS, Alles B, Andreeva VA, Baudry J, Charreire H, Deschamps V, Egnell M, Fezeu LK, Galan P, Julia C, Kesse-Guyot E, Latino-Martel P, Oppert JM, Peneau S, Verdot C, Hercberg S, Touvier M (2021) Diet and physical activity during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown (March-May 2020): results from the French NutriNet-Sante cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 113(4):924–938. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa336
doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa336
pubmed: 33675635
Husain W, Ashkanani F (2020) Does COVID-19 change dietary habits and lifestyle behaviours in Kuwait: a community-based cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prev Med 25(1):61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-020-00901-5
doi: 10.1186/s12199-020-00901-5
pubmed: 33045996
pmcid: 7548533
Pinho MGM, Mackenbach JD, Charreire H, Oppert JM, Bardos H, Glonti K, Rutter H, Compernolle S, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Beulens JWJ, Brug J, Lakerveld J (2018) Exploring the relationship between perceived barriers to healthy eating and dietary behaviours in European adults. Eur J Nutr 57(5):1761–1770. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1458-3
doi: 10.1007/s00394-017-1458-3
pubmed: 28447202
Guler O, Haseki MI (2021) Positive psychological impacts of cooking during the COVID-19 lockdown period: a qualitative study. Front Psychol 12:635957. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635957
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635957
pubmed: 33815223
pmcid: 8012501
Macht M, Roth S, Ellgring H (2002) Chocolate eating in healthy men during experimentally induced sadness and joy. Appetite 39(2):147–158. https://doi.org/10.1006/appe.2002.0499
doi: 10.1006/appe.2002.0499
pubmed: 12354683
Palmer K, Bschaden A, Stroebele-Benschop N (2021) Changes in lifestyle, diet, and body weight during the first COVID 19 ‘lockdown’ in a student sample. Appetite 167:105638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105638
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105638
pubmed: 34388592
pmcid: 8423589
Huber BC, Steffen J, Schlichtiger J, Brunner S (2021) Altered nutrition behavior during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in young adults. Eur J Nutr 60(5):2593–2602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02435-6
doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02435-6
pubmed: 33258996
Haripersad YV, Kannegiesser-Bailey M, Morton K, Skeldon S, Shipton N, Edwards K, Newton R, Newell A, Stevenson PG, Martin AC (2021) Outbreak of anorexia nervosa admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Arch Dis Child 106(3):e15. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-319868
doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-319868
pubmed: 32709684
Lin JA, Hartman-Munick SM, Kells MR, Milliren CE, Slater WA, Woods ER, Forman SF, Richmond TK (2021) The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of adolescents/young adults seeking eating disorder-related care. J Adolescent Health 69(4):660–663. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.05.019
doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.05.019
Matthews A, Kramer RA, Peterson CM, Mitan L (2021) Higher admission and rapid readmission rates among medically hospitalized youth with anorexia nervosa/atypical anorexia nervosa during COVID-19. Eat Behav 43:101573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101573
doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101573
pubmed: 34619464
pmcid: 8490008
Spettigue W, Obeid N, Erbach M, Feder S, Finner N, Harrison ME, Isserlin L, Robinson A, Norris ML (2021) The impact of COVID-19 on adolescents with eating disorders: a cohort study. J Eat Disord 9(1):65. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-021-00419-3
doi: 10.1186/s40337-021-00419-3
pubmed: 34088342
pmcid: 8176274
Czepczor-Bernat K, Swami V, Modrzejewska A, Modrzejewska J (2021) COVID-19-related stress and anxiety, body mass index, eating disorder symptomatology, and body image in women from Poland: a cluster analysis approach. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13041384
doi: 10.3390/nu13041384
pubmed: 35011062
pmcid: 8746849
Phillipou A, Meyer D, Neill E, Tan EJ, Toh WL, Van Rheenen TE, Rossell SL (2020) Eating and exercise behaviors in eating disorders and the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia: initial results from the COLLATE project. Int J Eat Disord 53(7):1158–1165. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23317
doi: 10.1002/eat.23317
pubmed: 32476163
pmcid: 7300745
Koven NS, Abry AW (2015) The clinical basis of orthorexia nervosa: emerging perspectives. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 11:385–394. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S61665
doi: 10.2147/NDT.S61665
pubmed: 25733839
pmcid: 4340368
Coulthard H, Sharps M, Cunliffe L, van den Tol A (2021) Eating in the lockdown during the Covid 19 pandemic; self-reported changes in eating behaviour, and associations with BMI, eating style, coping and health anxiety. Appetite 161:105082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.105082
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105082
pubmed: 33476651
pmcid: 7976455
McAtamney K, Mantzios M, Egan H, Wallis DJ (2021) Emotional eating during COVID-19 in the United Kingdom: exploring the roles of alexithymia and emotion dysregulation. Appetite 161:105120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105120
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105120
pubmed: 33450300
pmcid: 7837231
Bemanian M, Maeland S, Blomhoff R, Rabben AK, Arnesen EK, Skogen JC, Fadnes LT (2020) Emotional eating in relation to worries and psychological distress amid the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based survey on adults in Norway. Int J Environ Res Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010130
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010130
pubmed: 33375442
pmcid: 7795972
Barnhart WR, Braden AL, Jordan AK (2020) Negative and positive emotional eating uniquely interact with ease of activation, intensity, and duration of emotional reactivity to predict increased binge eating. Appetite 151:104688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.104688
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104688
pubmed: 32240704
Poelman MP, Gillebaart M, Schlinkert C, Dijkstra SC, Derksen E, Mensink F, Hermans RCJ, Aardening P, de Ridder D, de Vet E (2021) Eating behavior and food purchases during the COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study among adults in the Netherlands. Appetite 157:105002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.105002
doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105002
pubmed: 33068668
Beutel ME, Hettich N, Ernst M, Schmutzer G, Tibubos AN, Braehler E (2021) Mental health and loneliness in the German general population during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to a representative pre-pandemic assessment. Sci Rep 11(1):14946. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94434-8
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-94434-8
pubmed: 34294816
pmcid: 8298418
Amerio A, Lugo A, Stival C, Fanucchi T, Gorini G, Pacifici R, Odone A, Serafini G, Gallus S (2021) COVID-19 lockdown impact on mental health in a large representative sample of Italian adults. J Affect Disord 292:398–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.117
doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.117
pubmed: 34139414
pmcid: 8777065
Pieh C, Budimir S, Probst T (2020) The effect of age, gender, income, work, and physical activity on mental health during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdown in Austria. J Psychosom Res 136:110186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110186
doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110186
pubmed: 32682159
pmcid: 7832650
Miettunen J, Veijola J, Lauronen E, Kantojarvi L, Joukamaa M (2007) Sex differences in Cloninger’s temperament dimensions–a meta-analysis. Compr Psychiatry 48(2):161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2006.10.007
doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2006.10.007
pubmed: 17292707
Rohr S, Reininghaus U, Riedel-Heller SG (2020) Mental wellbeing in the German old age population largely unaltered during COVID-19 lockdown: results of a representative survey. BMC Geriatr 20(1):489. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01889-x
doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01889-x
pubmed: 33225912
pmcid: 7681185
Hajek A, Konig HH (2021) The prevalence and correlates of probable major depressive disorder and probable generalized anxiety disorder during the COVID-19. Pandemic results of a nationally representative survey in Germany. Int J Environ Res Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312302
doi: 10.3390/ijerph182312302
pubmed: 34948495
pmcid: 8701403
Herle M, Smith AD, Bu F, Steptoe A, Fancourt D (2021) Trajectories of eating behavior during COVID-19 lockdown: longitudinal analyses of 22,374 adults. Clin Nutr ESPEN 42:158–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.01.046
doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.01.046
pubmed: 33745572
pmcid: 7871880
Phillipou A, Tan EJ, Toh WL, Van Rheenen TE, Meyer D, Neill E, Sumner P, Rossell SL (2021) Mental health of individuals with and without eating disorders across six months and two waves of COVID-19. Eat Behav 43:101564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101564
doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101564
pubmed: 34509935
pmcid: 8443406