Therapeutic cancer vaccines: From biological mechanisms and engineering to ongoing clinical trials.
Cancer vaccines
Checkpoint inhibitors
Neoadjuvant
Neoantigens
SARS-CoV-2
Synthetic long peptides
mRNA vaccines
Journal
Cancer treatment reviews
ISSN: 1532-1967
Titre abrégé: Cancer Treat Rev
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 7502030
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2022
Sep 2022
Historique:
received:
18
05
2022
revised:
12
06
2022
accepted:
14
06
2022
pubmed:
28
6
2022
medline:
24
8
2022
entrez:
27
6
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Therapeutic vaccines are currently at the forefront of medical innovation. Various endeavors have been made to develop more consolidated approaches to producing nucleic acid-based vaccines, both DNA and mRNA vaccines. These innovations have continued to propel therapeutic platforms forward, especially for mRNA vaccines, after the successes that drove emergency FDA approval of two mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. These vaccines use modified mRNAs and lipid nanoparticles to improve stability, antigen translation, and delivery by evading innate immune activation. Simple alterations of mRNA structure- such as non-replicating, modified, or self-amplifying mRNAs- can provide flexibility for future vaccine development. For protein vaccines, the use of long synthetic peptides of tumor antigens instead of short peptides has further enhanced antigen delivery success and peptide stability. Efforts to identify and target neoantigens instead of antigens shared between tumor cells and normal cells have also improved protein-based vaccines. Other approaches use inactivated patient-derived tumor cells to elicit immune responses, or purified tumor antigens are given to patient-derived dendritic cells that are activated in vitro prior to reinjection. This review will discuss recent developments in therapeutic cancer vaccines such as, mode of action and engineering new types of anticancer vaccines, in order to summarize the latest preclinical and clinical data for further discussion of ongoing clinical endeavors in the field.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35759856
pii: S0305-7372(22)00093-7
doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102429
pmc: PMC9217071
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antigens, Neoplasm
0
COVID-19 Vaccines
0
Cancer Vaccines
0
Lipid Nanoparticles
0
Liposomes
0
Peptides
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
102429Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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