Association between kinetic of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), renal survival and relapse risk in ANCA glomerulonephritis.

Humans Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Retrospective Studies Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis / complications Kidney Glomerulonephritis Chronic Disease Myeloblastin Peroxidase

AAV ANCA glomerulonephritis kidney failure renal prognosis

Journal

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association

ISSN: 1460-2385

Titre abrégé: Nephrol Dial Transplant

Pays: England

ID NLM: 8706402

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
04 05 2023

Historique:

received: 19 02 2022

medline: 5 5 2023

pubmed: 1 9 2022

entrez: 31 8 2022

Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) kinetic in ANCA-associated vasculitis with glomerulonephritis (AAV-GN) has been suggested to be associated with AAV relapse. Few studies have focused on its association with renal prognosis. Thus we aimed to investigate the relationship between ANCA specificity and the evolutive profile and renal outcomes. This multicentric retrospective study included patients diagnosed with ANCA-GN since 1 January 2000. Patients without ANCA at diagnosis and with fewer than three ANCA determinations during follow-up were excluded. We analysed estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) variation, renal-free survival and relapse-free survival according to three ANCA profiles (negative, recurrent and persistent) and to ANCA specificity [myeloperoxidase (MPO) or proteinase 3 (PR3)]. Over a follow-up of 56 months [interquartile range (IQR) 34-101], a median of 19 (IQR 13-25) ANCA determinations were performed for the 134 included patients. Patients with a recurrent/persistent ANCA profile had a lower relapse-free survival (P = .019) and tended to have a lower renal survival (P = .053) compared with those with a negative ANCA profile. Patients with a recurrent/persistent MPO-ANCA profile had the shortest renal survival (P = .015) and those with a recurrent/persistent PR3-ANCA profile had the worst relapse-free survival (P = .013) compared with other profiles. The negative ANCA profile was associated with a greater eGFR recovery. In multivariate regression analysis, it was an independent predictor of a 2-fold increase in eGFR at 2 years [odds ratio 6.79 (95% confidence interval 1.78-31.4), P = .008]). ANCA kinetic after an ANCA-GN diagnosis is associated with outcomes. MPO-ANCA recurrence/persistence identifies patients with a lower potential of renal recovery and a higher risk of kidney failure, while PR3-ANCA recurrence/persistence identifies patients with a greater relapse risk. Thus ANCA kinetics may help identify patients with a smouldering disease.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND

METHODS

This multicentric retrospective study included patients diagnosed with ANCA-GN since 1 January 2000. Patients without ANCA at diagnosis and with fewer than three ANCA determinations during follow-up were excluded. We analysed estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) variation, renal-free survival and relapse-free survival according to three ANCA profiles (negative, recurrent and persistent) and to ANCA specificity [myeloperoxidase (MPO) or proteinase 3 (PR3)].

RESULTS

Over a follow-up of 56 months [interquartile range (IQR) 34-101], a median of 19 (IQR 13-25) ANCA determinations were performed for the 134 included patients. Patients with a recurrent/persistent ANCA profile had a lower relapse-free survival (P = .019) and tended to have a lower renal survival (P = .053) compared with those with a negative ANCA profile. Patients with a recurrent/persistent MPO-ANCA profile had the shortest renal survival (P = .015) and those with a recurrent/persistent PR3-ANCA profile had the worst relapse-free survival (P = .013) compared with other profiles. The negative ANCA profile was associated with a greater eGFR recovery. In multivariate regression analysis, it was an independent predictor of a 2-fold increase in eGFR at 2 years [odds ratio 6.79 (95% confidence interval 1.78-31.4), P = .008]).

CONCLUSION

ANCA kinetic after an ANCA-GN diagnosis is associated with outcomes. MPO-ANCA recurrence/persistence identifies patients with a lower potential of renal recovery and a higher risk of kidney failure, while PR3-ANCA recurrence/persistence identifies patients with a greater relapse risk. Thus ANCA kinetics may help identify patients with a smouldering disease.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac240 PMID: 36043422

pubmed: 36043422

pii: 6679399

doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfac240

doi:

Substances chimiques

Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic 0

Myeloblastin EC 3.4.21.76

Peroxidase EC 1.11.1.7

Types de publication

Multicenter Study Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

Pagination

1192-1203