Comparative Study of the Effect of Lidocaine Spray and Ice Spray on the Pain Intensity During Intramuscular Injection: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Humans Anesthetics, Local / pharmacology Ice Injections, Intramuscular Lidocaine / pharmacology Pain / drug therapy Pain Measurement

Journal

Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses
ISSN: 1532-8635
Titre abrégé: Pain Manag Nurs
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 100890606

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
04 2023
Historique:
received: 21 02 2021
revised: 12 07 2022
accepted: 30 07 2022
medline: 18 4 2023
pubmed: 3 9 2022
entrez: 2 9 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Intramuscular injection is one of the most common, invasive, and painful ways to deliver medicine to the body. Since one of the nurse's duties is to employ different methods to reduce pain caused by treatment procedures, this study was conducted to determine the effect of lidocaine spray and ice spray on pain intensity at the muscle injection site. A clinical trial was performed on 90 patients presenting to outpatient clinics of Neyshabur hospitals. The samples were selected using a computerized table of random numbers, and each participant was randomly assigned to one of the control, lidocaine spray, and ice spray groups. Pain severity was measured immediately after intramuscular injection using a numerical pain scale. Descriptive statistics along with statistical tests (chi-square, Fisher, etc.) were used to analyze the data in the R environment version 3.6.2. Ordinal logistic regression was used to compare pain intensity in the three groups by adjusting the effect of age variables and sensory disorders. The mean pain intensity was 3.44 without intervention, 2.63 with lidocaine spray, and 2.27 with ice spray. Statistical tests indicated a significant difference in pain intensity of intramuscular injection between the ice group and the control group (p = .010). Although lidocaine spray reduced the pain intensity, its effect was insignificant compared with the control group. Both ice and lidocaine spray can be effectively used to reduce the intensity of intramuscular injection pain; however, it seems that ice spray is a more effective, safe, and affordable method.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Intramuscular injection is one of the most common, invasive, and painful ways to deliver medicine to the body.
AIM
Since one of the nurse's duties is to employ different methods to reduce pain caused by treatment procedures, this study was conducted to determine the effect of lidocaine spray and ice spray on pain intensity at the muscle injection site.
METHOD
A clinical trial was performed on 90 patients presenting to outpatient clinics of Neyshabur hospitals. The samples were selected using a computerized table of random numbers, and each participant was randomly assigned to one of the control, lidocaine spray, and ice spray groups. Pain severity was measured immediately after intramuscular injection using a numerical pain scale. Descriptive statistics along with statistical tests (chi-square, Fisher, etc.) were used to analyze the data in the R environment version 3.6.2. Ordinal logistic regression was used to compare pain intensity in the three groups by adjusting the effect of age variables and sensory disorders.
RESULTS
The mean pain intensity was 3.44 without intervention, 2.63 with lidocaine spray, and 2.27 with ice spray. Statistical tests indicated a significant difference in pain intensity of intramuscular injection between the ice group and the control group (p = .010). Although lidocaine spray reduced the pain intensity, its effect was insignificant compared with the control group.
CONCLUSIONS
Both ice and lidocaine spray can be effectively used to reduce the intensity of intramuscular injection pain; however, it seems that ice spray is a more effective, safe, and affordable method.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2022.07.009 PMID: 36055941
pubmed: 36055941
pii: S1524-9042(22)00152-7
doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2022.07.009
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

Anesthetics, Local 0
Ice 0
Lidocaine 98PI200987

Types de publication

Comparative Study Journal Article Randomized Controlled Trial Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

229-234

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2022 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Mehdi Jamalinik (M)

Vasei Hospital, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.

Morteza Hasheminik (M)

Department of Nursing, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran.

Bahareh Paivar (B)

Quchan School of nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Mostafa Khaleghipour (M)

Department of Anesthesiology, 22 Bahman Hospital, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.

Fatemeh Khorashadizadeh (F)

Department of Epidemiology and biostatistics, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.

Reza Bordbar (R)

22 Bahman Hospital, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.

Rasool Lakziyan (R)

Kashmar Center of Higher Health Education, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Mohammad Siavoshi (M)

Department of Nursing, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran. Electronic address: siavoshi_mohammad@yahoo.com.

Navid Shafigh (N)

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Comparative Study of the Effect of Lidocaine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Actions chimiques et utilisations › Actions pharmacologiques › Utilisations thérapeutiques › Agents du système nerveux central › Dépresseurs du système nerveux central › Anesthésiques › Anesthésiques locaux › Comparative Study of the Effect of Lidocaine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Environnement › Glace › Comparative Study of the Effect of Lidocaine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Thérapeutique › Traitement médicamenteux › Voies d'administration de substances chimiques et des médicaments › Injections › Injections musculaires › Comparative Study of the Effect of Lidocaine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Composés chimiques organiques › Amines › Dérivés de l'aniline › Anilides › Acétanilides › Lidocaïne › Comparative Study of the Effect of Lidocaine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Phénomènes physiologiques de l'appareil locomoteur et du système nerveux › Phénomènes physiologiques du système nerveux › Sensation › Douleur › Comparative Study of the Effect of Lidocaine...
questionsmedicales.fr › Diagnostic › Techniques et procédures diagnostiques › Examen physique › Examen neurologique › Mesure de la douleur › Comparative Study of the Effect of Lidocaine...