Epidemiology, diagnostics and factors associated with mortality during a cholera epidemic in Nigeria, October 2020-October 2021: a retrospective analysis of national surveillance data.
Diagnostic microbiology
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Public health
Journal
BMJ open
ISSN: 2044-6055
Titre abrégé: BMJ Open
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101552874
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
19 09 2022
19 09 2022
Historique:
entrez:
19
9
2022
pubmed:
20
9
2022
medline:
23
9
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Nigeria reported an upsurge in cholera cases in October 2020, which then transitioned into a large, disseminated epidemic for most of 2021. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology, diagnostic performance of rapid diagnostic test (RDT) kits and the factors associated with mortality during the epidemic. A retrospective analysis of national surveillance data. 33 of 37 states (including the Federal Capital Territory) in Nigeria. Persons who met cholera case definition (a person of any age with acute watery diarrhoea, with or without vomiting) between October 2020 and October 2021 within the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control surveillance data. Attack rate (AR; per 100 000 persons), case fatality rate (CFR; %) and accuracy of RDT performance compared with culture using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Additionally, individual factors associated with cholera deaths and hospitalisation were presented as adjusted OR with 95% CIs. Overall, 93 598 cholera cases and 3298 deaths (CFR: 3.5%) were reported across 33 of 37 states in Nigeria within the study period. The proportions of cholera cases were higher in men aged 5-14 years and women aged 25-44 years. The overall AR was 46.5 per 100 000 persons. The North-West region recorded the highest AR with 102 per 100 000. Older age, male gender, residency in the North-Central region and severe dehydration significantly increased the odds of cholera deaths. The cholera RDT had excellent diagnostic accuracy (AUROC=0.91; 95% CI 0.87 to 0.96). Cholera remains a serious public health threat in Nigeria with a high mortality rate. Thus, we recommend making RDT kits more widely accessible for improved surveillance and prompt case management across the country.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36123095
pii: bmjopen-2022-063703
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063703
pmc: PMC9486350
doi:
Substances chimiques
Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e063703Subventions
Organisme : World Health Organization
ID : 001
Pays : International
Informations de copyright
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Competing interests: None declared.
Références
Bull World Health Organ. 2012 Mar 1;90(3):209-218A
pubmed: 22461716
J Water Health. 2003 Mar;1(1):45-52
pubmed: 15384272
J Hyg (Lond). 1983 Aug;91(1):101-11
pubmed: 6886407
PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e36930
pubmed: 22662131
Pan Afr Med J. 2018 May 04;30:5
pubmed: 30123408
Vaccine. 2018 Dec 14;36(51):7759-7764
pubmed: 29802002
Pan Afr Med J. 2020 Dec 22;37:368
pubmed: 33796181
J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Oct;30(10):2730-2
pubmed: 1400976
J Clin Microbiol. 2016 Oct;54(10):2618-21
pubmed: 27487957
PLoS One. 2015 Aug 18;10(8):e0135676
pubmed: 26284367
PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e37360
pubmed: 22666350
J Health Popul Nutr. 2013 Jun;31(2):178-84
pubmed: 23930335
BMC Public Health. 2014 Nov 16;14:1167
pubmed: 25399402
BMJ Glob Health. 2019 Jul 3;4(4):e001427
pubmed: 31354972
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(2):e2049
pubmed: 23459673
Pan Afr Med J. 2012;12:59
pubmed: 22937199
BMC Public Health. 2019 Sep 13;19(1):1264
pubmed: 31519163
BMC Public Health. 2020 Apr 3;20(1):432
pubmed: 32245445
BMC Public Health. 2019 Jan 25;19(1):112
pubmed: 30683078
Int J Public Health. 2021 Jun 15;66:1604030
pubmed: 34744594
Rev Sci Tech. 2005 Dec;24(3):825-32
pubmed: 16642753
West Afr J Med. 2013 Jul-Sep;32(3):173-9
pubmed: 24122681