Development and validation of the Japanese version of the Hyperarousal Scale.

Adult Aged Arousal Female Humans Japan Male Middle Aged Psychometrics Reproducibility of Results Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / diagnosis
Depression Hyperarousal Hyperarousal scale Insomnia

Journal

BMC psychiatry
ISSN: 1471-244X
Titre abrégé: BMC Psychiatry
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968559

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
19 09 2022
Historique:
received: 20 07 2021
accepted: 29 08 2022
entrez: 19 9 2022
pubmed: 20 9 2022
medline: 23 9 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

The objectives of this study were to develop a Japanese version of the Hyperarousal Scale (HAS-J) and investigate its factor structure, reliability, and validity, as well as to calculate a cutoff score for the HAS-J and assess different levels of hyperarousal in insomnia patients and community dwellers. We recruited 224 outpatients receiving insomnia treatment (56.3% women; mean age 51.7 ± 15.6 years) and 303 community dwellers aged 20 years or older (57.8% women; mean age 43.9 ± 15.2 years). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to examine the factor structure of the HAS-J. Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω were then used to test internal consistency. To examine the scale's validity, we determined correlations between the HAS-J and other indexes and compared HAS-J scores between insomnia patients and community dwellers. We also compared HAS-J scores between two community-dweller groups (normal and poor sleepers) and two insomnia patient groups (with and without alleviation after treatment). Following exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, a 20-item measure emerged comprising three factors: "Introspectiveness and Reactivity," "Neuroticism," and "Insomnia." Confirmatory factor analysis showed a generally good fit for the model of the three-factor structure suggested by the exploratory factor analysis loadings (χ This study demonstrated the reliability and validity of the HAS-J, indicating that it is useful as a clinical scale of hyperarousal. The high level of hyperarousal in insomnia patients who were assessed to be in remission by the Insomnia Severity Index suggests a risk of insomnia recurrence in these patients.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
The objectives of this study were to develop a Japanese version of the Hyperarousal Scale (HAS-J) and investigate its factor structure, reliability, and validity, as well as to calculate a cutoff score for the HAS-J and assess different levels of hyperarousal in insomnia patients and community dwellers.
METHODS
We recruited 224 outpatients receiving insomnia treatment (56.3% women; mean age 51.7 ± 15.6 years) and 303 community dwellers aged 20 years or older (57.8% women; mean age 43.9 ± 15.2 years). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to examine the factor structure of the HAS-J. Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω were then used to test internal consistency. To examine the scale's validity, we determined correlations between the HAS-J and other indexes and compared HAS-J scores between insomnia patients and community dwellers. We also compared HAS-J scores between two community-dweller groups (normal and poor sleepers) and two insomnia patient groups (with and without alleviation after treatment).
RESULTS
Following exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, a 20-item measure emerged comprising three factors: "Introspectiveness and Reactivity," "Neuroticism," and "Insomnia." Confirmatory factor analysis showed a generally good fit for the model of the three-factor structure suggested by the exploratory factor analysis loadings (χ
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated the reliability and validity of the HAS-J, indicating that it is useful as a clinical scale of hyperarousal. The high level of hyperarousal in insomnia patients who were assessed to be in remission by the Insomnia Severity Index suggests a risk of insomnia recurrence in these patients.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04243-0 PMID: 36123639 PMC: PMC9484233
pubmed: 36123639
doi: 10.1186/s12888-022-04243-0
pii: 10.1186/s12888-022-04243-0
pmc: PMC9484233
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

617

Informations de copyright

© 2022. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Naoko Ayabe (N)

Department of Regional Studies and Humanities, Faculty of Education and Human Studies, Akita University, 1-1 Tegata-Gakuenmachi, Akita, 010-8502, Japan.
Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.

Shun Nakajima (S)

National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.

Isa Okajima (I)

Department of Psychological Counseling, Faculty of Humanities, Tokyo Kasei University, 1-18-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8602, Japan.
Japan Somnology Center, Institute of Neuropsychiatry, 1-24-10 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 151-0053, Japan.

Ken Inada (K)

Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawadacho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
Department of Psychiatry, Kitasato University, School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0375, Japan.

Wataru Yamadera (W)

Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center, 6-41-2 Aoto, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8506, Japan.

Hidehisa Yamashita (H)

Minna no Sleep and Stress care Clinic, 2-1-2 Ushitahonmachi, Higashi-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, 732-0066, Japan.

Hisateru Tachimori (H)

Endowed Course for Health System Innovation, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
Department of Clinical Data Science, Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8551, Japan.

Yuichi Kamei (Y)

Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.
Kamisuwa Hospital, 1-17-1 Oote, Suwa, Nagano, 392-0026, Japan.

Masahiro Takeshima (M)

Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.

Yuichi Inoue (Y)

Japan Somnology Center, Institute of Neuropsychiatry, 1-24-10 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 151-0053, Japan.

Kazuo Mishima (K)

Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan. mishima@med.akita-u.ac.jp.
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, Akita, 010-8543, Japan. mishima@med.akita-u.ac.jp.
International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan. mishima@med.akita-u.ac.jp.

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