A review of synthetic cathinones emerging in recent years (2019-2022).
Drug user forums
Early warning systems
N-Ethylhexedrone analogs
Novel psychoactive substances
Synthetic cathinones
Journal
Forensic toxicology
ISSN: 1860-8965
Titre abrégé: Forensic Toxicol
Pays: Japan
ID NLM: 101315563
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
received:
26
01
2022
accepted:
28
08
2022
pubmed:
21
9
2022
medline:
24
1
2023
entrez:
20
9
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) has been being a continuous and evolving problem for more than a decade. Every year, dozens of new, previously unknown drugs appear on the illegal market, posing a significant threat to the health and lives of their users. Synthetic cathinones are one of the most numerous and widespread groups among NPS. The purpose of this work was to identify and summarize available data on newly emerging cathinones in very recent years. Various online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, but also databases of government agencies including those involved in early warning systems, were used in search of reports on the identification of newly emerging synthetic cathinones. In addition, threads on various forums created by users of these drugs were searched for reports on the effects of these new substances. We have identified 29 synthetic cathinones that have been detected for the first time from early 2019 to mid-2022. We described their structures, known intoxication symptoms, detected concentrations in biological material in poisoning cases, as well as the countries and dates of their first appearance. Due to the lack of studies on the properties of the novel compounds, we compared data on the pharmacological profiles of the better-known synthetic cathinones with available information on the newly emerged ones. Some of these new agents already posed a threat, as the first cases of poisonings, including fatal ones, have been reported. Most of the newly developed synthetic cathinones can be seen as analogs and replacements for once-popular compounds that have been declining in popularity as a result of legislative efforts. Although it appears that some of the newly emerging cathinones are not widely used, they may become more popular in the future and could become a significant threat to health and life. Therefore, it is important to continue developing early warning systems and identifying new compounds so that their widespread can be prevented.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36124107
doi: 10.1007/s11419-022-00639-5
pii: 639
pmc: PMC9476408
doi:
Substances chimiques
Illicit Drugs
0
Synthetic Cathinone
0
Alkaloids
0
Psychotropic Drugs
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
25-46Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2022.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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