Valproic Acid Overdose: Case Report and Literature Review.


Journal

The Journal of emergency medicine
ISSN: 0736-4679
Titre abrégé: J Emerg Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8412174

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
11 2022
Historique:
received: 08 03 2022
revised: 24 05 2022
accepted: 09 07 2022
pubmed: 14 10 2022
medline: 17 12 2022
entrez: 13 10 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Valproic acid (VPA) is a common antiepileptic drug that is also used routinely for various psychiatric disorders. VPA toxicity typically manifests as central nervous system depression, while hyperammonemic encephalopathy and hepatotoxicity are potentially life-threatening complications. We describe the case of a 56-year-old man who presented to the emergency department after an intentional VPA overdose, was found to have hyperammonemia, and was treated with L-carnitine exclusively. He was subsequently admitted to the hospital for monitoring and serial laboratory testing. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Although VPA toxicity has conventionally been managed by gastric decontamination, L-carnitine, and, in severe and refractory cases, extracorporeal removal, recent literature supports the use of carbapenem antibiotics, particularly meropenem. Thus, we report the details of current treatment modalities for VPA toxicity by reviewing current literature.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Valproic acid (VPA) is a common antiepileptic drug that is also used routinely for various psychiatric disorders. VPA toxicity typically manifests as central nervous system depression, while hyperammonemic encephalopathy and hepatotoxicity are potentially life-threatening complications.
CASE REPORT
We describe the case of a 56-year-old man who presented to the emergency department after an intentional VPA overdose, was found to have hyperammonemia, and was treated with L-carnitine exclusively. He was subsequently admitted to the hospital for monitoring and serial laboratory testing. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Although VPA toxicity has conventionally been managed by gastric decontamination, L-carnitine, and, in severe and refractory cases, extracorporeal removal, recent literature supports the use of carbapenem antibiotics, particularly meropenem. Thus, we report the details of current treatment modalities for VPA toxicity by reviewing current literature.

Identifiants

pubmed: 36229318
pii: S0736-4679(22)00427-9
doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2022.07.009
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

Valproic Acid 614OI1Z5WI
Anticonvulsants 0
Carnitine S7UI8SM58A

Types de publication

Case Reports Review Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

651-655

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Jigar Patel (J)

Department of Emergency Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia.

Ivan Berezowski (I)

Department of Emergency Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia.

Maryann Mazer-Amirshahi (M)

Department of Emergency Medicine, MedStar Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia.

Sarah E Frasure (SE)

Department of Emergency Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia.

Quincy K Tran (QK)

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Program in Trauma, The R. Adam Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Ali Pourmand (A)

Department of Emergency Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia.

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