Optimizing Implementation of Preventive Chemotherapy against Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis and Intestinal Schistosomiasis Using High-Resolution Data: Field-Based Experiences from Côte d'Ivoire.
health district
preventive chemotherapy
schistosomiasis
soil-transmitted helminthiasis
sub-district
Journal
Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2079-9721
Titre abrégé: Diseases
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101636232
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
20 Sep 2022
20 Sep 2022
Historique:
received:
08
08
2022
revised:
07
09
2022
accepted:
14
09
2022
entrez:
24
10
2022
pubmed:
25
10
2022
medline:
25
10
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Despite efforts to control neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) using preventive chemotherapy (PC), soil-transmitted helminthiases and schistosomiasis remain widely prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. The current PC regimen in endemic settings is defined based on health district-level prevalence. This work aims to highlight the need for high-resolution data when elimination, rather than morbidity control, is the targeted goal. Cross-sectional parasitological surveys were conducted from July to August 2019 and from September to October 2019, respectively, across the entire Dabou and Jacqueville health districts in southern Côte d'Ivoire. From every village, 60 school-aged children (6-15 years) were randomly selected and invited to provide one fresh stool sample, whereof duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears were prepared and read by two independent technicians. 4338 school-aged children from 77 villages were screened from the Dabou (n = 2174; 50.12%, 39 villages) and Jacqueville (n = 2164; 49.88%, 38 villages) health districts. The prevalence of any soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection was 12.47% and 11.09% in the Dabou and Jacqueville health districts, respectively. Species-specific district-level prevalence remained below 10%, varying between 0.51% (hookworm in Jacqueville) and 9.06% ( We conclude that keeping health district-level prevalence as a reference for PC implementation leaves many high-risk sub-districts or villages requiring PC (≥20% prevalence) untreated. To avoid maintaining those high-risk villages as STH reservoirs by skipping control interventions and jeopardizing the successes already achieved in STH control through PC during the past two decades, precision mapping is required. Further investigation is needed to assess cost-efficient approaches to implement small-scale disease surveillance.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Despite efforts to control neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) using preventive chemotherapy (PC), soil-transmitted helminthiases and schistosomiasis remain widely prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. The current PC regimen in endemic settings is defined based on health district-level prevalence. This work aims to highlight the need for high-resolution data when elimination, rather than morbidity control, is the targeted goal.
METHODOLOGY
METHODS
Cross-sectional parasitological surveys were conducted from July to August 2019 and from September to October 2019, respectively, across the entire Dabou and Jacqueville health districts in southern Côte d'Ivoire. From every village, 60 school-aged children (6-15 years) were randomly selected and invited to provide one fresh stool sample, whereof duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears were prepared and read by two independent technicians.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
RESULTS
4338 school-aged children from 77 villages were screened from the Dabou (n = 2174; 50.12%, 39 villages) and Jacqueville (n = 2164; 49.88%, 38 villages) health districts. The prevalence of any soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection was 12.47% and 11.09% in the Dabou and Jacqueville health districts, respectively. Species-specific district-level prevalence remained below 10%, varying between 0.51% (hookworm in Jacqueville) and 9.06% (
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE
CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that keeping health district-level prevalence as a reference for PC implementation leaves many high-risk sub-districts or villages requiring PC (≥20% prevalence) untreated. To avoid maintaining those high-risk villages as STH reservoirs by skipping control interventions and jeopardizing the successes already achieved in STH control through PC during the past two decades, precision mapping is required. Further investigation is needed to assess cost-efficient approaches to implement small-scale disease surveillance.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36278565
pii: diseases10040066
doi: 10.3390/diseases10040066
pmc: PMC9590038
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
ID : OPP1153928
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