Homoarginine in health and disease.
Journal
Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
ISSN: 1473-6519
Titre abrégé: Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9804399
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 01 2023
01 01 2023
Historique:
pubmed:
5
11
2022
medline:
24
12
2022
entrez:
4
11
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Homoarginine (hArg) is an endogenous, nonproteinogenic amino acid. It is enzymatically synthesized from L-arginine and L-lysine. Low hArg concentrations appear to be a risk factor in the renal and cardiovascular systems. This review discusses advances in-vitro and in-vivo experimental and clinical research on hArg in health and disease. Recent studies indicate that low circulating and low urinary concentrations of hArg are associated with morbidity and worse outcome. Although the biological activities of hArg remain still unexplored, hArg supplementation is intensely investigated as a strategy to increase hArg concentration to reach normal levels in cases of low hArg concentrations. The greatest changes in circulating hArg concentrations are observed during pregnancy and after delivery. In healthy adults, a daily dose of 125 mg hArg seems to be optimum to normalize circulating levels. Short-term supplementation of inorganic nitrate enhances hArg biosynthesis in healthy young men. Apart from hArg supplementation, dietary L-arginine and L-citrulline appear to be a promising alternative. Considerable progress has been made in recent years, but hArg remains still enigmatic. Further research is required to explore the biological activities of hArg. Supplementation of hArg or its precursors L-citrulline/L-arginine seem to be promising strategies to prevent and overcome altered hArg synthesis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36330857
doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000889
pii: 00075197-202301000-00009
doi:
Substances chimiques
Homoarginine
156-86-5
Citrulline
29VT07BGDA
Arginine
94ZLA3W45F
Types de publication
Review
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
42-49Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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