Effect of antipyretics on performance of influenza surveillance in Ghana.
case definition
fever
influenza
Journal
Influenza and other respiratory viruses
ISSN: 1750-2659
Titre abrégé: Influenza Other Respir Viruses
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101304007
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2023
01 2023
Historique:
received:
10
10
2022
accepted:
25
10
2022
pubmed:
13
11
2022
medline:
31
1
2023
entrez:
12
11
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The World Health Organization's case definition for influenza-like illness (ILI) includes a measured temperature of ≥38°C. We conducted this study to assess the effect of antipyretics on performance of ILI surveillance in Ghana. A cross-sectional study was conducted in two districts of Ghana from September 2013 to May 2014. We collected epidemiological data and respiratory specimens from an expanded ILI case definition, which included patients presenting to health facilities with measured temperature ≥38°C or reported fever (but afebrile at the time of evaluation), and cough, with onset in the last 10 days. Specimens were tested for influenza viruses by real time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Of 321 participants who met our expanded ILI case definition, 236 presented with temperature of <38°C but reported subjective fever. Of these, 17% (39/236) were positive for influenza virus; Of those with fever ≤38°C who took antipyretics, 21%(16/77) were positive for influenza, compared with 14%(23/159) of those who did not take antipyretics. The addition of subjective fever to the standard ILI case definition captured approximately an additional 57% influenza cases but also required testing of approximately four times as many patients. However, including those without fever on presentation that had taken antipyretics found an additional 23% of Influenza cases and only two times as much testing. Depending on the goals of surveillance (monitoring virus circulation or determining disease burden) and available resources, a more sensitive case definition including subjective fever and history of use of antipyretics may be warranted.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The World Health Organization's case definition for influenza-like illness (ILI) includes a measured temperature of ≥38°C. We conducted this study to assess the effect of antipyretics on performance of ILI surveillance in Ghana.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted in two districts of Ghana from September 2013 to May 2014. We collected epidemiological data and respiratory specimens from an expanded ILI case definition, which included patients presenting to health facilities with measured temperature ≥38°C or reported fever (but afebrile at the time of evaluation), and cough, with onset in the last 10 days. Specimens were tested for influenza viruses by real time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS
Of 321 participants who met our expanded ILI case definition, 236 presented with temperature of <38°C but reported subjective fever. Of these, 17% (39/236) were positive for influenza virus; Of those with fever ≤38°C who took antipyretics, 21%(16/77) were positive for influenza, compared with 14%(23/159) of those who did not take antipyretics. The addition of subjective fever to the standard ILI case definition captured approximately an additional 57% influenza cases but also required testing of approximately four times as many patients. However, including those without fever on presentation that had taken antipyretics found an additional 23% of Influenza cases and only two times as much testing.
CONCLUSION
Depending on the goals of surveillance (monitoring virus circulation or determining disease burden) and available resources, a more sensitive case definition including subjective fever and history of use of antipyretics may be warranted.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36370028
doi: 10.1111/irv.13068
pmc: PMC9835404
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antipyretics
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e13068Informations de copyright
© 2022 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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