Chest compressions in newborn infants: a scoping review.

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Neonatal Life Support Task Force undertook a scoping review of the literature to identify evidence relating to neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. MEDLINE complete, EMBASE and Cochrane database of Systematic reviews were searched from inception to November 2021. Two authors screened titles and abstracts and full text reviewed. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were peer-reviewed and assessed one of five aspects of chest compression in the newborn infant including: (1) heart rate thresholds to start chest compressions (CC), (2) compression to ventilation ratio (C:V ratio), (3) CC technique, (4) oxygen use during CC and 5) feedback devices to optimise CC. Seventy-four studies were included (n=46 simulation, n=24 animal and n=4 clinical studies); 22/74 were related to compression to ventilation ratios, 29/74 examined optimal technique to perform CC, 7/74 examined oxygen delivery and 15/74 described feedback devices during neonatal CC. There were very few clinical studies and mostly manikin and animal studies. The findings either reinforced or were insufficient to change previous recommendations which included to start CC if heart rate remains <60/min despite adequate ventilation, using a 3:1 C:V ratio, the two-thumb encircling technique and 100% oxygen during CC.

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Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Competing interests: SR has no conflicts of interest. MB has received funding from The Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine to study various aspects of chest compression. MB has published articles which were included in the scoping review. MHW has published several articles, which were included in the scoping review. MHW (Past Member and Past Co-Chair) and GMS (Member) of the Neonatal Taskforce within the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, which updated and publishes resuscitation guidelines. GMS has received funding from the Heart and Stroke Foundation Alberta, Heart and Stroke Foundation Canada, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Neonatal Resuscitation Program Canada, The Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine and National Health and Medical Research Council to study various aspects of chest compression. GMS has published several articles, which were included in the scoping review.