Metformin: new applications for an old drug.
biguanides
central nervous system diseases
communicable diseases
liver diseases
metformin
neoplasms
Journal
Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology
ISSN: 2191-0286
Titre abrégé: J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9101750
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Mar 2023
01 Mar 2023
Historique:
received:
22
09
2022
accepted:
17
11
2022
pubmed:
8
12
2022
medline:
17
3
2023
entrez:
7
12
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Metformin is a biguanide, evolved as one of the most widely used medicines. The applications of this component include but are not limited to reducing blood glucose, weight loss, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Studies about other probable indications have emerged, indicating that this agent can also be utilized for other purposes. In this review, applications of metformin are noticed based on the current evidence. Metformin commonly is used as an off-label drug in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but it worsens inflammation and should not be used for this purpose, according to the latest research. Metformin decreased the risk of death in patients with liver cirrhosis. It is an effective agent in the prevention and improvement of survival in patients suffering hepatocellular carcinoma. There is evidence of the beneficial effects of metformin in colorectal cancer, early-stage prostate cancer, breast cancer, urothelial cancer, blood cancer, melanoma, and bone cancer, suggesting metformin as a potent anti-tumor agent. Metformin shows neuroprotective effects and provides a potential therapeutic benefit for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It also has been shown to improve mental function and reduce the incidence of dementia. Another condition that metformin has been shown to slow the progression of is Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Regarding infectious diseases, tuberculosis (TB) and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are among the conditions suggested to be affected by metformin. The beneficial effects of metformin in cardiovascular diseases were also reported in the literature. Concerning renal function, studies showed that daily oral administration of metformin could ameliorate kidney fibrosis and normalize kidney structure and function. This study reviewed the clinical and preclinical evidence about the possible benefits of metformin based on recent studies. Numerous questions like whether these probable indications of metformin can be observed in non-diabetics, need to be described by future basic experiments and clinical studies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36474458
pii: jbcpp-2022-0252
doi: 10.1515/jbcpp-2022-0252
doi:
Substances chimiques
Hypoglycemic Agents
0
Metformin
9100L32L2N
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
151-160Informations de copyright
© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
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