Coumaronochromones, flavanones, and isoflavones from the twigs and leaves of Erythrina subumbrans inhibit PTP1B and nitric oxide production.

A chemical investigation of the twigs and leaves of Erythrina subumbrans led to the isolation and structural elucidation of three coumaronochromones, erythrinasubumbrin A and (±)-erythrinasubumbrin B, five prenylated flavanones, (±)-erythrinasubumbrin C and erythrinasubumbrins D-F, and two prenylated isoflavones, (±)-5,4'-dihydroxy-[4,5-cis-4-ethoxy-5-hydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-4,5-dihydropyrano (2,3:7,6)]-isoflavone, in addition to 18 known analogues. Two extra cinnamylphenols previously only known as commercial synthetic products were also isolated and elucidated from a natural source for the first time, and assigned the trivial names erythrinasubumbrins G and H. Their structures were characterized by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data, including HRESIMS and 2D NMR. The absolute configurations of the previously undescribed isolates and the known coumaronochromone lupinol C were determined by specific rotation and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. All the isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory activities on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 B (PTP1B) and nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 microglial cells as well as their cytotoxicity against the HCT116 cell line. The pair of enantiomers, (+)-5,4'-dihydroxy-[4,5-cis-4-ethoxy-5-hydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-4,5-dihydropyrano (2,3:7,6)]-isoflavone and (-)-5,4'-dihydroxy-[4,5-cis-4-ethoxy-5-hydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-4,5-dihydropyrano (2,3:7,6)]-isoflavone, and the known compounds lupinol C, 4'-O-methyl-8-prenylnaringenin, glepidotin B, shuterin, parvisoflavones A, luteone, lupiwighteone, 2,3-dehydrokievitone, 6,8-diprenylgenistein, angustone A, and 2'-O-demethylbidwillol B exhibited different levels of PTP1B inhibitory activities with IC

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Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.