Mitral Valve Prolapse and Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes at High Risk.
Mitral valve
athletes
cardiac death
mitral valve prolapse
premature ventricular contractions
ventricular arrhythmias
Journal
Current cardiology reviews
ISSN: 1875-6557
Titre abrégé: Curr Cardiol Rev
Pays: United Arab Emirates
ID NLM: 101261935
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
received:
15
07
2022
revised:
23
09
2022
accepted:
31
10
2022
pmc-release:
22
03
2024
medline:
12
4
2023
pubmed:
23
12
2022
entrez:
22
12
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most frequent valvulopathy in the general population, with usually a favourable prognosis. Although it can be associated with some complications, ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) are the most worrying. The estimated risk of SCD in MVP is between 0.2% to 1.9% per year, including MVP patients with and without severe mitral regurgitation (MR). The association between SCD and MVP is expressed by a phenotype called "malignant MVP" characterized by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) findings such as bileaflet myxomatous prolapse and mitral annulus disjunction (MAD), ECG findings such as repolarization abnormalities, complex ventricular arrhythmias (c-VAs) and LV fibrosis of papillary muscles (PMs) and inferobasal wall visualized by late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR). Therefore, attention is raised for patients with "arrhythmic MVP" characterized from an ECG point of view by frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) arising from one or both PMs as well as by T-wave inversion in the inferolateral leads. In athletes, SCD is the most frequent medical cause of death and in young subjects (< 35 years) usually is due to electrical mechanism affecting who has a silent cardiovascular disease and are not considered per se a cause of increased mortality. In MVP, SCD was reported to happen during sports activity or immediately after and valve prolapse was the only pathological aspect detected. The aim of the present paper is to explore the association between SCD and MVP in athletes, focusing attention on ECG, TTE in particular, and CMR findings that could help to identify subjects at high risk for complex arrhythmias and eventually SCD. In addition, it is also examined if sports activity might predispose patients with MVP to develop major arrhythmias.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36545732
pii: CCR-EPUB-128341
doi: 10.2174/1573403X19666221220163431
pmc: PMC10280998
doi:
Substances chimiques
Contrast Media
0
Gadolinium
AU0V1LM3JT
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e201222212066Informations de copyright
Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.
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