Transcutaneous Functional Electrical Stimulation Controlled by a System of Sensors for the Lower Limbs: A Systematic Review.
FES
nonlinear control
rehabilitation
sensors
systematic review
Journal
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 1424-8220
Titre abrégé: Sensors (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101204366
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
14 Dec 2022
14 Dec 2022
Historique:
received:
01
10
2022
revised:
30
11
2022
accepted:
11
12
2022
entrez:
23
12
2022
pubmed:
24
12
2022
medline:
27
12
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
In the field of transcutaneous functional electrical stimulation (FES), open-loop and closed-loop control strategies have been developed to restore functions of the lower limbs: walking, standing up, maintaining posture, and cycling. These strategies require sensors that provide feedback information on muscle activity or biomechanics of movement. Since muscle response induced by transcutaneous FES is nonlinear, time-varying, and dependent on muscle fatigue evolution, the choice of sensor type and control strategy becomes critical. The main objective of this review is to provide state-of-the-art, emerging, current, and previous solutions in terms of control strategies. Focus is given on transcutaneous FES systems for the lower limbs. Using Compendex and Inspec databases, a total of 135 review and conference articles were included in this review. Recent studies mainly use inertial sensors, although the use of electromyograms for lower limbs has become more frequent. Currently, several researchers are opting for nonlinear controllers to overcome the nonlinear and time-varying effects of FES. More development is needed in the field of systems using inertial sensors for nonlinear control. Further studies are needed to validate nonlinear control systems in patients with neuromuscular disorders.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36560179
pii: s22249812
doi: 10.3390/s22249812
pmc: PMC9780889
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Systematic Review
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : NSERC
ID : No public number
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