Concurrent Presentation of Mycosis Fungoides and Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone LPD: Clinicopathological Study of 4 Cases and Literature Review.
Journal
The American Journal of dermatopathology
ISSN: 1533-0311
Titre abrégé: Am J Dermatopathol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7911005
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Mar 2023
01 Mar 2023
Historique:
pubmed:
3
2
2023
medline:
18
2
2023
entrez:
2
2
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Mycosis fungoides is rarely associated to B-cell malignancies, and the few reported cases are mainly internal lymphomas involving secondarily the skin (ie, chronic lymphocytic leukemia). The aim of our study is to describe the clinical and histopathological features of 4 patients presenting with 2 concurrent primary cutaneous lymphomas and review the pertinent literature. We identified 4 cases of concurrent primary cutaneous lymphomas in our institutions. An extracutaneous lymphoma was ruled out on the basis of a complete work out. We performed a PubMed search to identify reported cases of primary cutaneous composite or concurrent lymphomas. Eleven cases of primary cutaneous concurrent lymphomas have been described in the literature. Counting all together (our cases and the cases previously described in the literature), mycosis fungoides was the most frequent primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (TCL) (13/15), followed by 1 case of peripheral TCL-NOS and 1 case of subcutaneous panniculitis-like TCL. Regarding the associated primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas, 8/15 cases consisted of low-grade B-cell lymphomas [that is, 5 marginal zone lymphoma (in the most recent classification reclassified as marginal zone lymphoproliferative disorder, MZLD, 2 follicular-center B-cell lymphoma (primary cutaneous follicle-center lymphoma) and 1 low-grade NOS B-cell lymphoma]; 4/15 were associated to Epstein-Barr virus; 1 case consisted of a methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disease, and 2 cases consisted of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-leg type. Primary cutaneous concurrent lymphomas are exceptional. Clinicopathological correlation and a complete workout to reach the correct diagnosis may guide the appropriate treatment in each case.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Mycosis fungoides is rarely associated to B-cell malignancies, and the few reported cases are mainly internal lymphomas involving secondarily the skin (ie, chronic lymphocytic leukemia).
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
The aim of our study is to describe the clinical and histopathological features of 4 patients presenting with 2 concurrent primary cutaneous lymphomas and review the pertinent literature.
METHODS
METHODS
We identified 4 cases of concurrent primary cutaneous lymphomas in our institutions. An extracutaneous lymphoma was ruled out on the basis of a complete work out. We performed a PubMed search to identify reported cases of primary cutaneous composite or concurrent lymphomas.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Eleven cases of primary cutaneous concurrent lymphomas have been described in the literature. Counting all together (our cases and the cases previously described in the literature), mycosis fungoides was the most frequent primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (TCL) (13/15), followed by 1 case of peripheral TCL-NOS and 1 case of subcutaneous panniculitis-like TCL. Regarding the associated primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas, 8/15 cases consisted of low-grade B-cell lymphomas [that is, 5 marginal zone lymphoma (in the most recent classification reclassified as marginal zone lymphoproliferative disorder, MZLD, 2 follicular-center B-cell lymphoma (primary cutaneous follicle-center lymphoma) and 1 low-grade NOS B-cell lymphoma]; 4/15 were associated to Epstein-Barr virus; 1 case consisted of a methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disease, and 2 cases consisted of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-leg type.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Primary cutaneous concurrent lymphomas are exceptional. Clinicopathological correlation and a complete workout to reach the correct diagnosis may guide the appropriate treatment in each case.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36728288
doi: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000002378
pii: 00000372-202303000-00002
doi:
Types de publication
Review
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
163-169Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Références
Niino D, My Hanh LT, Miura S, et al. Incidence patterns of sequential or composite lymphoma: a population-based cancer registry study. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2021;254:123–127.
Cerroni L. Cutaneous composite lymphomas. In: Sons JW, ed. Skin Lymphoma the Illustrated Guide. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science, Inc; 2020.
Küppers R, Dührsen U, Hansmann ML. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of composite lymphomas. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15:e435–e446.
Barzilai A, Trau H, David M, et al. Mycosis fungoides associated with B-cell malignancies. Br J Dermatol. 2006;155:379–386.
Yang SF, Chang WY, Lan CCE, et al. Composite primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus-positive large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2011;52:2027–2030.
Copur MS, Deshpande A, Mleczko K, et al. Full clinical recovery after topical acyclovir treatment of Epstein-Barr virus associated cutaneous B-cell lymphoma in patient with mycosis fungoides. Croat Med J . 2005;46:458–462.
Curry JL, Prieto VG, Jones DM, et al. Transient iatrogenic immunodeficiency-related B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the skin in a patient with mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome. J Cutan Pathol. 2011;38:295–297.
Cho-Vega JH, Tschen JA, Vega F. CD4/CD8 double-negative early-stage mycosis fungoides associated with primary cutaneous follicular center lymphoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;65:884–886.
Maughan C, Boudreaux L, Lear W, Bohlke A. Discordant mycosis fungoides and cutaneous B-cell lymphoma: a case report and review of the literature. JAAD Case Rep. 2015;1:219–221.
Makis W, Ciarallo A, Wang B, et al. Composite cutaneous lymphoma (iatrogenic immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorder) in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate: staging and evaluation of response to therapy with (18)F-FDG PET/CT. Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2017;51:261–265.
Huwait H, Wang B, Shustik C, Michel RP. Composite cutaneous lymphoma in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate. Am J Dermatopathol. 2010;32:65–70.
Szablewski V, Costes-Martineau V, René C, et al. Composite cutaneous lymphoma of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-leg type and subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma. J Cutan Pathol. 2018;45:716–720.
Maderal AD, Malone JC, Callen JP. Methotrexate-associated B-cell lymphoproliferative disease in a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. JAMA Dermatol. 2018;154:490–492.
Wollina U, Langner D, Hansel G, Haroske G. Pegylated liposomal-encapsulated doxorubicin in cutaneous composite lymphoma: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95:e4796.
Herrmann JL, Sami N. Large-cell transformation of mycosis fungoides occurring at the site of previously treated cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2014;14:e43–e46.
Alaggio R, Amador C, Anagnostopoulos I, et al. The 5th edition of the world health organization classification of haematolymphoid tumours: lymphoid neoplasms. Leukemia. 2022;36:1720–1748.
Campo E, Jaffe ES, Cook JR, et al. The international consensus classification of mature lymphoid neoplasms: a report from the clinical advisory committee. Blood. 2022;140:1229–1253.
Cieza-Diaz DE, Prieto-Torres L, Rodriguez-Pinilla SM, et al. Mycosis fungoides associated with lesions in the spectrum of primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders: the same process or 3 coexisting lymphomas? Am J Dermatopathol. 2920;41:846–850.
Prieto-Torres L, Trascasa Á, Manso R, et al. Two independent consecutive lymphoma cases carry an identical MYD88 mutation but differ in their IGVH rearrangement. Br J Haematol. 2020;190:e352–e356.
Chen S, Boyer D, Hristov AC. Primary cutaneous composite lymphomas. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2018;142:1352–1357.
Whitling NA, Shanesmith RP, Jacob L, et al. Composite lymphoma of mycosis fungoides and cutaneous small B-cell lymphoma in a 73-year-old male patient. Hum Pathol. 2013;44:670–675.
Jullié ML, Carlotti M, Vivot A Jr, et al. CD20 antigen may be expressed by reactive or lymphomatous cells of transformed mycosis fungoides: diagnostic and prognostic impact. Am J Surg Pathol. 2013;37:1845–1854.
Wang E, Papavassiliou P, Wang AR, et al. Composite lymphoid neoplasm of B-cell and T-cell origins: a pathologic study of 14 cases. Hum Pathol. 2014;45:768–784.
Ahmed A, Aragao AP, Mudaliar K, et al. The conundrum of diagnosing cutaneous composite lymphoma in the molecular age. Am J Dermatopathol. 2019;41:757–766.
Tokunaga M, Tokudome T, Shimizu S, et al. Biclonality of composite B- and T-cell lymphomas. A case report. Pathol Int. 1990;40:522–530.
Förste N, Gellrich S, Golembowski S, et al. Analysis of V(H) genes rearranged by individual B cells in dermal infiltrates of patients with mycosis fungoides. Clin Exp Immunol. 2003;110:464–471.
Mattoch IW, Fulton R, Kim Y, et al. Cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma associated with a proliferation of B cells. Am J Clin Pathol. 2009;131:810–819.
Martin B, Stefanato C, Whittaker S, Robson A. Primary cutaneous CD20-positive T-cell lymphoma. J Cutan Pathol. 2011;38:663–669.
Harms KL, Harms PW, Anderson T, et al. Mycosis fungoides with CD20 expression: report of two cases and review of the literature. J Cutan Pathol . 2014;41:494–503.
Battistella M, Beylot-Barry M, Bachelez H, et al. Primary cutaneous follicular helper T-cell lymphoma: a new subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma reported in a series of 5 cases. Arch Dermatol . 2012;148:832–839.
Pesqué D, Marcantonio O, Vázquez I, et al. Cutaneous involvement of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma masquerading as B-cell reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Am J Dermatopathology. 2022;44:e41–e45.
Balagué O, Martínez A, Colomo L, et al. Epstein-Barr virus negative clonal plasma cell proliferations and lymphomas in peripheral T-cell lymphomas: a phenomenon with distinctive clinicopathologic features. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007;31:1310–1322.
Santonja C, Prieto-Torres L, Pérez-Sáenz MdlÁ, et al. T-cell-rich recurrence of primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma after systemic rituximab: a diagnostic pitfall. Am J Dermatopathology. 2020;42:e36–e40.
Swerdlow SHCE, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, et al. WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC; 2017.