Vaccination-Based Immunoprevention of Colorectal Tumors: A Primer for the Clinician.
Journal
Journal of clinical gastroenterology
ISSN: 1539-2031
Titre abrégé: J Clin Gastroenterol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7910017
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 03 2023
01 03 2023
Historique:
pubmed:
3
2
2023
medline:
17
2
2023
entrez:
2
2
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be a significant public health problem worldwide. CRC screening programs have reduced the incidence rates of CRCs but still suffer from the problems of missed lesions and interval cancers. Chemopreventive strategies against CRC would benefit high-risk populations but trials testing synthetic and naturally occurring compounds have not yielded a front runner. Immune mechanisms promoting cancer have been modulated to develop immunotherapy for cancer treatment that has revolutionized cancer management, but could also be applied to cancer interception, that is, cancer immunoprevention. Cancer immunoprevention refers to approaches that can enhance the immune system, either directly or by removing natural breaks such as immune checkpoints, to survey and destroy tumor cells. In this primer, we aim to explain the concepts behind vaccine-based cancer immunoprevention. Multiple cancer vaccines have been tried in advanced cancer populations, but most have failed primarily because of an immunosuppressive environment that accompanies advanced cancers. Preventive vaccines in immunocompetent hosts may have a better clinical response compared with therapeutic vaccines in immunosuppressed hosts. The first randomized controlled trial testing the mucin1 vaccine against CRC in the prevention setting has been successfully completed. For the benefit of the clinician, we briefly discuss important concepts related to the workings of preventive vaccines. Prevention with vaccines is a highly attractive approach because of the potential for highly targeted therapy with minimal side effects that could theoretically provide lifelong protection.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36730670
doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001808
pii: 00004836-202303000-00004
pmc: PMC9911105
mid: NIHMS1845481
doi:
Substances chimiques
Cancer Vaccines
0
Immunosuppressive Agents
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
246-252Subventions
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P30 CA168524
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
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