Toward the future of OECD/ISO biodegradability testing-new approaches and developments.
Biodegradability
Biodegradation adaption potential (BAP)
Chemicals
Combined test systems
Environmental biotechnology
ISO
Inocula
OECD
Standardized tests
Journal
Applied microbiology and biotechnology
ISSN: 1432-0614
Titre abrégé: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 8406612
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Apr 2023
Apr 2023
Historique:
received:
26
10
2022
accepted:
22
01
2023
revised:
19
01
2023
pubmed:
4
3
2023
medline:
25
3
2023
entrez:
3
3
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In the past decades, industrial and scientific communities have developed a complex standardized system (e.g., OECD, ISO, CEN) to evaluate the biodegradability of chemical substances. This system includes for OECD three levels of testing (ready and inherent biodegradability tests, simulation tests). It was adopted by many countries and is completely integrated into European legislation (registration, evaluation, authorization, and restriction of chemicals, REACH). Nevertheless, the different tests have certain deficiencies, and the question arises of how accurately these tests display the situation in the real environment and how the results can be used for predictions. This review will focus on the technical advantages and weaknesses of current tests concerning the technical setup, the inoculum characterization, and its biodegradation potential as well as the use of adequate reference compounds. A special focus of the article will be on combined test systems offering enhanced possibilities to predict biodegradation. The properties of microbial inocula are critically discussed, and a new concept concerning the biodegradation adaptation potential (BAP) of inocula is proposed. Furthermore, a probability model and different in silico QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationships) models to predict biodegradation from chemical structures are reviewed. Another focus lies on the biodegradation of difficult single compounds and mixtures of chemicals like UVCBs (unknown or variable composition, complex reaction products, or biological materials) which will be an important challenge for the forthcoming decades. KEY POINTS: • There are many technical points to be improved in OECD/ISO biodegradation tests • The proper characterization of inocula is a crucial point in biodegradation tests • Combined biodegradation test systems offer extended possibilities for biodegradation tests.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36867202
doi: 10.1007/s00253-023-12406-6
pii: 10.1007/s00253-023-12406-6
pmc: PMC10033483
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2073-2095Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s).
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