Identification of environmental stress parameters to study the natural colour change of water in highly saline inland Crater Lake at Lonar, India.
Dunaliella species
High alkalinity
Lonar Lake
Stressed conditions
TDS
pH
Journal
Environmental monitoring and assessment
ISSN: 1573-2959
Titre abrégé: Environ Monit Assess
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8508350
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 Mar 2023
30 Mar 2023
Historique:
received:
16
06
2022
accepted:
27
02
2023
medline:
3
4
2023
entrez:
30
3
2023
pubmed:
31
3
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Lonar Lake is a highly saline inland water body created by a crater in Maharashtra, India. A rare occurrence of the colour change of lake water from green to brown and eventually to pinkish-red was observed in Lonar in June 2020. This phenomenon attracted the attention of researchers, academicians and interestingly legal fraternity to understand the causes of colour change. The literature studies coupled the phenomenon of colouration of water to three aspects: the presence of halophilic Halobacterium salinarum or an algal species of Dunaliella (Dunaliella salina) or oxidization of metals (Fe and Mn) present in water. A comprehensive study was done to understand and assess the change in the colour of Lonar Lake water. The green colour of the lake is primarily due to the dominance of chlorophyll-a pigment in the algae population. The stressed condition in June 2020 adversely affected the photosynthesis activity of Dunaliella sp. resulting in the red colouration of the species. This red colour of Dunaliella sp. is due to the formation of a pigment named carotenoid which is similar to that in halophilic bacteria. This pigment completely hides the green chloroplast, and water turns pinkish-red. This study describes detailed investigations of environmental and climatic parameters to determine possible causes of abiotic stress on the algae population of the lake. The major factors contributing to the stressed conditions are high dissolved solids, alkalinity and alkaline pH due to salts in the lake water due to evaporation losses and limited rainfall over the months. The study further verified whether the colour change is a cyclic event and predicted possible lake conditions for the event of colour change to occur in the future.
Identifiants
pubmed: 36995487
doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-11068-1
pii: 10.1007/s10661-023-11068-1
doi:
Substances chimiques
Water
059QF0KO0R
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
524Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Références
Alansari, A. (2019). Biological and chemical investigations of water quality and contamination study after a suspicious algal bloom in a coastal lagoon, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Meteorology, Environment & Arid Land Agriculture Sciences, 28(2).
Amfo-Otu, R., Agyenim, J. B., & Nimba-Bumah, G. B. (2014). Correlation analysis of groundwatercolouration from mountainous areas, Ghana. Environmental Research, Engineering and Management, 67(1), 16–24.
doi: 10.5755/j01.erem.67.1.4545
Antony, C. P., Kumaresan, D., Hunger, S., Drake, H. L., Murrell, J. C., & Shouche, Y. S. (2013). Microbiology of Lonar Lake and other soda lakes. The ISME Journal, 7(3), 468–476.
doi: 10.1038/ismej.2012.137
Babar, S. M. (2010). Geology, microecological environment and conservation of Lonar Lake, Maharashtra, India. Environmental Management. –Sciyo Publications, Croatia, 241–257.
Badve, R., Kumaran, K., & Rajshekhar, C. (1993). Eutrophication of Lonar Lake, Maharashtra. Current Science, 65(4), 347–351.
Basavaiah, N., Wiesner, M. G., Anoop, A., Menzel, P., Nowaczyk, N. R., Deenadayalan, K., & Prasad, S. (2014). Physicochemical analyses of surface sediments from the Lonar Lake, central India–Implications for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Fundamental and Applied Limnology, 184, 55–68.
Blandford, W. T. (1868). Note on the route on the Poona to Nagpur via Ahemadnagar, Jalna, Lonar, Yeotmal, Mangali and Hingumghat. Records of the Geological Survey of India, 1, 60–65.
Borowitzka, L. J., & Brown, A. D. (1974). The salt relations of marine and halophilic species of the unicellular green alga, Dunaliella. Archives of Microbiology, 96(1), 37–52.
doi: 10.1007/BF00590161
Borul, S. B. (2012). Study of water quality of Lonar Lake. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 4(3), 1716–1718.
Brezonik, P. L., Finlay, J. C., Griffin, C. G., Arnold, W. A., Boardman, E. H., Germolus, N., et al. (2019). Iron influence on dissolved color in lakes of the Upper Great Lakes States. PLoS One, 14(2), e0211979.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211979
Brylev, V. (2019). Russian saline lakes Elton and Baskunchak as challengers to the UNESCO World Heritage List. Folia Geographica, 61(1), 87.
Christie. (1910). In: The Gazetteer of India, Maharashtra State, Buldhana District, Review edition, 1976, 774–776.
Dabhade, D. S., & Tandale, M. R. (2016). Study on physico-chemical parameters of Lonar Crater Lake, India. International Journal of Researches in Biosciences, Agriculture and Technology, 4(2), 24–29.
Dundas, I. D., & Larsen, H. (1962). The physiological role of the carotenoid pigments of Halobacteriumsalinarium. ArchivfürMikrobiologie, 44(3), 233–239.
Eugster, H. P., & Hardie, L. A. (1978). Saline lakes. In lakes (pp. 237–293). Springer, New York, NY.
Fudali, R. F., Milton, D. J., Fredriksson, K., & Dube, A. (1980). Morphology of Lonar Crater, India: Comparisons and implications. The Moon and the Planets, 23(4), 493–515.
doi: 10.1007/BF00897591
Hamed, I., Ak, B., Isık, O., & Uslu, L. (2017). The effects of salinity and temperature on the growth of Dunaliella sp. isolated from the Salt Lake (TuzGölü), Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 17(7), 1367–1372.
Jhingran, A. G., & Rao, K. V. (1958). Lonar Lake and its salinity. Records of the Geological Survey of India, 85, 313–334.
Joshi, A. A., Kanekar, P. P., Kelkar, A. S., Shouche, Y. S., Vani, A. A., Borgave, S. B., & Sarnaik, S. S. (2008). Cultivable bacterial diversity of alkaline Lonar Lake, India. Microbial Ecology, 55(2), 163–172.
doi: 10.1007/s00248-007-9264-8
Junare, N., & Garode A. M. (2018). Bacteriological and physico-chemical analysis of Lonar Lake water-A unique hypervelocity nature impact crater in basaltic rock in the world. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 4(5), 1562–1565.
Kanekar, P. P., Joshi, A. A., Kelkar, A. S., Borgave, S. B., & Sarnaik, S. S. (2007). Alkaline Lonar Lake, India—A treasure of alkaliphilic and halophilic bacteria. Proceedings of Taal, 12, 1765–1774.
Komatsu, G., Kumar, P. S., Goto, K., Sekine, Y., Giri, C., & Matsui, T. (2014). Drainage systems of Lonar Crater, India: Contributions to Lonar Lake hydrology and crater degradation. Planetary and Space Science, 95, 45–55.
doi: 10.1016/j.pss.2013.05.011
Kritzberg, E. S., & Ekström, S. M. (2012). Increasing iron concentrations in surface waters–A factor behind brownification? Biogeosciences, 9(4), 1465–1478.
doi: 10.5194/bg-9-1465-2012
Lackey, J. B. (1938). The manipulation and counting of river plankton and changes in some organisms due to formalin preservation. Public Health Reports, 1896–1970, 2080–2093.
doi: 10.2307/4582717
La Touche, T. H. D., & Christie, W. A. K. (1912). The geology of the Lonar Lake. Records of the Geological Survey of India, 41, 266–275.
Larsen, H. (1980). Ecology of hypersaline environments. In Developments in Sedimentology (Vol. 28, pp. 23–39). Elsevier.
Maloof, A. C., Stewart, S. T., Weiss, B. P., Soule, S. A., Swanson-Hysell, N. L., Louzada, K. L., & Poussart, P. M. (2010). Geology of Lonar Crater, India. Bulletin, 122(1–2), 109–126.
Malu, R., Dhabade, D. S., & Kodarkar, M. S. (2001). Conservation and management of Lonar Crater lake, an ecological wonder, Maharashtra, India. In Conference: 9th World Lake Conference (Vol. 1, pp. 208–205).
Nandy, N. C., & Deo, V. B. (1961). Origin of the Lonar Lake and its alkalinity. TISCO, 8(3), 1–12.
Oren, A. (2009). Microbial diversity and microbial abundance in salt-saturated brines: Why are the waters of hypersaline lakes red? Natural Resources and Environmental Issues, 15(1), 49.
Oren, A., Stambler, N., & Dubinsky, Z. (1992). On the red coloration of saltern crystallizer ponds. International Journal of Salt Lake Research, 1(2), 77–89.
doi: 10.1007/BF02904363
Palmer, C. M. (1979). Algae and water pollution: an illustrated manual on the identification, significance, and control of algae in water supplies and in polluted water. Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, 111–118
Pauken, M. T., Jeter, S. M., Abdel-Khalik, S. I., & Farley, B. (1995) An experimental investigation of water evaporation into low-velocity air currents. Conference - American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, (No. CONF-950104). Inc., Atlanta, GA (United States), 101(1), 1517.
Pawar, A. L. (2010). Seasonal variation in physicochemical quality of Lonar Lake water. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2(4), 225–231.
Pink Lake Hydrological Study Group (W.A.). (1986). The report on investigations into the hydrology & use of Pink Lake at Esperance by the pink lake hydrological study group to the minister for lands & the Esperance Shire Council. Perth : W.A. Dept. of Conservation and Environment. Bulletin (Western Australia. Dept. of Conservation and Environment); no. 262. ISBN 0-7309-0595-0.
Post, F. J. (1977). The microbial ecology of the Great Salt Lake. Microbial Ecology, 3(2), 143–165.
doi: 10.1007/BF02010403
Reddy, D. V., Madhav, T., Chandrakala, P., & Nagabhushanam, P. (2015). A perspective of alkaline Lonar Lake, Maharashtra, India with reference to its hydrochemistry. Current Science, 965–975.
Satyanarayan, S., Chaudhari, P. R., & Dhadse, S. (2008). Limnological study on Lonar lake: A unique brackish crater lake in India. In M. Sengupta, R. Dalwani, R. (Eds.), Proceedings of Taal 2007: The 12th World Lake Conference (pp. 2061–2066).
Surve R. R, Shirke A. V, Athalye R. A, Sangare M. M. (2021). A review on chemical and ecological status of Lonar Lake. Current World Environment, 16(1).
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 23rd Edition. (2017). American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation, ISBN: 978-0-87553-287-5.
Tambekar, D. H., Pawar, A. L., & Dudhane, M. N. (2010). Lonar lake water: Past and present. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 9(2) 217–221.
Tandale, M. M. R. (2016). Plankton diversity and eutrophication status of Lonar Crater India, Doctoral Dissertation report, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, India.
Teller, J. T. (1987). The pink colour of lakes, with an example from Australia. Journal of Arid Environments, 12(2), 101–103.
doi: 10.1016/S0140-1963(18)31179-0
Thakker, C. D., & Ranade, D. R. (2002). An alkalophilic Methanosarcina isolated from Lonar crater. Current Science, 82(4), 455–458
Tisco. (1960). The Gazetteer of India. Maharashtra State, Buldhana District Review Edition, 1976, 774–776.
Waghmode, A., & Kumbhar, R. (2016). Study of blue-green algae from Lonar Lake. Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences, 6(2) 69–73.
Winters, Y. D., Lowenstein, T. K., & Timofeeff, M. N. (2013). Identification of carotenoids in ancient salt from Death Valley, Saline Valley, and Searles Lake, California, using laser Raman spectroscopy. Astrobiology, 13(11), 1065–1080.
doi: 10.1089/ast.2012.0952
Xiao, Y., & Riise , G. (2021). Coupling between increased lake color and iron in boreal lakes. Science of the Total Environment, 767, 145104.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145104