Cell Phone Radiation Exposure Limits and Engineering Solutions.

SAR antennas cancer cellular phone electromagnetic hypersensitivity radiofrequency radiation

Journal

International journal of environmental research and public health
ISSN: 1660-4601
Titre abrégé: Int J Environ Res Public Health
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101238455

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
04 04 2023
Historique:
received: 20 01 2023
revised: 17 03 2023
accepted: 31 03 2023
medline: 14 4 2023
entrez: 13 4 2023
pubmed: 14 4 2023
Statut: epublish

Résumé

In the 1990s, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) restricted its risk assessment for human exposure to radiofrequency radiation (RFR) in seven ways: (1) Inappropriate focus on heat, ignoring sub-thermal effects. (2) Reliance on exposure experiments performed over very short times. (3) Overlooking time/amplitude characteristics of RFR signals. (4) Ignoring carcinogenicity, hypersensitivity, and other health conditions connected with RFR. (5) Measuring cellphone Specific Absorption Rates (SAR) at arbitrary distances from the head. (6) Averaging SAR doses at volumetric/mass scales irrelevant to health. (7) Using unrealistic simulations for cell phone SAR estimations. Low-cost software and hardware modifications are proposed here for cellular phone RFR exposure mitigation: (1) inhibiting RFR emissions in contact with the body, (2) use of antenna patterns reducing the Percent of Power absorbed in the Head (PPHead) and body and increasing the Percent of Power Radiated for communications (PPR), and (3) automated protocol-based reductions of the number of RFR emissions, their duration, or integrated dose. These inexpensive measures do not fundamentally alter cell phone functions or communications quality. A health threat is scientifically documented at many levels and acknowledged by industries. Yet mitigation of RFR exposures to users does not appear as a priority with most cell phone manufacturers.

Identifiants

pubmed: 37048013
pii: ijerph20075398
doi: 10.3390/ijerph20075398
pmc: PMC10094704
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

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Auteurs

Paul Héroux (P)

Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada.

Igor Belyaev (I)

Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 814 38 Bratislava, Slovakia.

Kent Chamberlin (K)

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.

Suleyman Dasdag (S)

Biophysics Department, Medical School, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul 34700, Turkey.

Alvaro Augusto Almeida De Salles (AAA)

Graduate Program on Electrical Engineering (PPGEE), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90010-150, Brazil.

Claudio Enrique Fernandez Rodriguez (CEF)

Division of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS), Canoas 92412-240, Brazil.

Lennart Hardell (L)

Department of Oncology, Orebro University Hospital, 701 85 Orebro, Sweden (Retired).
The Environment and Cancer Research Foundation, 702 17 Orebro, Sweden.

Elizabeth Kelley (E)

ICBE-EMF and International EMF Scientist Appeal, and Electromagnetic Safety Alliance, Tempe, AZ 85282, USA.

Kavindra Kumar Kesari (KK)

Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland.

Erica Mallery-Blythe (E)

Physicians' Health Initiative for Radiation and Environment, East Sussex TN6, UK.
British Society of Ecological Medicine, London W1W 6DB, UK.
Oceania Radiofrequency Scientific Advisory Association, Scarborough, QLD 4020, Australia.

Ronald L Melnick (RL)

National Toxicology Program (Retired), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA.
Ron Melnick Consulting LLC, North Logan, UT 84341, USA.

Anthony B Miller (AB)

Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada.

Joel M Moskowitz (JM)

School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.

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Classifications MeSH