Preparation of Sustained Release Formulation of Verapamil Hydrochloride Using Ion Exchange Resins.
adsorption
dissolution
modified release
sink condition
verapamil
Journal
AAPS PharmSciTech
ISSN: 1530-9932
Titre abrégé: AAPS PharmSciTech
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 100960111
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 May 2023
01 May 2023
Historique:
received:
20
12
2022
accepted:
17
04
2023
medline:
3
5
2023
pubmed:
2
5
2023
entrez:
1
5
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The purpose of this investigation was to formulate and evaluate the interaction between cation exchange resins and verapamil hydrochloride. The uptake studies were conducted using the rotating bottle apparatus. The Langmuir-like equation was applied to the experimental data and the maximum drug loading was determined from the Langmuir-like parameters. The drug-resin complexes were evaluated using XRD, SEM, and particle size analysis. Release studies were performed using USP dissolution apparatus 2. The resin with the lowest percentage of cross-linking had the highest uptake capacity. The percent increase in particle size due to complexation was found to be associated with drug loading; the highest drug loading had the highest increase in particle size. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the resins and the drug-resin complexes showed that they were both amorphous. The maximum drug release was approximately 40% when conventional dissolution testing was used. Results showed that sink conditions could not be maintained using conventional dissolution methods. Maximum drug release increased dramatically by increasing the volume of samples withdrawn and fresh dissolution medium added. Excellent correlation was obtained between sample volume and drug release rate with an R-value of 0.988. Particle diffusion-controlled model and film diffusion-controlled model were both applied to the experimental data. The results indicated that the rate-limiting step is the diffusion of the exchanging cations through the liquid film. The modified release formulation was prepared successfully and correlated very well with the USP monograph for verapamil hydrochloride extended release capsules.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37127745
doi: 10.1208/s12249-023-02569-w
pii: 10.1208/s12249-023-02569-w
doi:
Substances chimiques
Delayed-Action Preparations
0
Verapamil
CJ0O37KU29
Ion Exchange Resins
0
Cation Exchange Resins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
114Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists.
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