Survivorship and the second epidemiological transition in industrial-era London.
England
bioarchaeology
mortality
paleodemography
paleoepidemiology
survival analysis
Journal
American journal of biological anthropology
ISSN: 2692-7691
Titre abrégé: Am J Biol Anthropol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101770171
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2023
08 2023
Historique:
revised:
20
03
2023
received:
29
12
2022
accepted:
24
05
2023
medline:
23
10
2023
pubmed:
15
6
2023
entrez:
15
6
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The second epidemiological transition describes a shift in predominant causes of death from infectious to degenerative (non-communicable) diseases associated with the demographic transition from high to low levels of mortality and fertility. In England, the epidemiological transition followed the Industrial Revolution, but there is little reliable historical data on cause of death beforehand. Because of the association between the demographic and epidemiological transitions, skeletal data can potentially be used to examine demographic trends as a proxy for the latter. This study uses skeletal data to examine differences in survivorship in London, England in the decades preceding and following initial industrialization and the second epidemiological transition. We use data (from n = 924 adults) from London cemeteries (New Churchyard, New Bunhill Fields, St. Bride's Lower Churchyard, and St. Bride's Church Fleet Street) in use prior to and during industrialization (c. 1569-1853 CE). We assess associations between estimated adult age at death and time period (pre-industrial vs. industrial) using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. We find evidence of significantly lower adult survivorship prior to industrialization (c. 1569-1669 and 1670-1739 CE) compared to the industrial period (c. 1740-1853 CE) (p < 0.001). Our results are consistent with historical evidence that, in London, survivorship was improving in the later 18th century, prior to the recognized beginning of the second epidemiological transition. These findings support the use of skeletal demographic data to examine the context of the second epidemiological transition in past populations.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
646-652Subventions
Organisme : Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences
ID : BCS-1060716
Organisme : Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences
ID : BCS-1649757
Organisme : Office of the Vice President for Research, University of South Carolina
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. American Journal of Biological Anthropology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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