Natural experiments for the evaluation of place-based public health interventions: a methodology scoping review.

Place-based public health evaluations are increasingly making use of natural experiments. This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of the design and use of natural experiment evaluations (NEEs), and an assessment of the plausibility of the A systematic search of three bibliographic databases (Pubmed, Web of Science and Ovid-Medline) was conducted in January 2020 to capture publications that reported a natural experiment of a place-based public health intervention or outcome. For each, study design elements were extracted. An additional evaluation of 366 NEE studies of place-based public health interventions were identified. The most commonly used NEE approach was a Difference-in-Differences study design (25%), followed by before-after studies (23%) and regression analysis studies. 42% of NEEs had likely or probable NEEs are conducted using many different designs and statistical methods and encompass various definitions of a natural experiment, while it is questionable whether all evaluations reported as natural experiments should be considered as such. The likelihood of

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Copyright © 2023 Albers, Rinaldi, Brown, Mason, d'Apice, McGill, McQuire, Craig, Laverty, Beeson, Campbell, Egan, Gibson, Fuller, Dillon, Taylor-Robinson, Jago, Tilling, Barr, Sniehotta, Hickman, Millett and de Vocht.

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The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.