Consensus report from the 10th Global Forum for Liver Magnetic Resonance Imaging: developments in HCC management.
Gadoxetic acid
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Magnetic resonance imaging
Journal
European radiology
ISSN: 1432-1084
Titre abrégé: Eur Radiol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9114774
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Dec 2023
Dec 2023
Historique:
received:
03
01
2023
accepted:
23
05
2023
revised:
15
05
2023
medline:
27
11
2023
pubmed:
28
7
2023
entrez:
27
7
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The 10th Global Forum for Liver Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was held as a virtual 2-day meeting in October 2021, attended by delegates from North and South America, Asia, Australia, and Europe. Most delegates were radiologists with experience in liver MRI, with representation also from specialists in liver surgery, oncology, and hepatology. Presentations, discussions, and working groups at the Forum focused on the following themes: • Gadoxetic acid in clinical practice: Eastern and Western perspectives on current uses and challenges in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening/surveillance, diagnosis, and management • Economics and outcomes of HCC imaging • Radiomics, artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) applications of MRI in HCC. These themes are the subject of the current manuscript. A second manuscript discusses multidisciplinary tumor board perspectives: how to approach early-, mid-, and late-stage HCC management from the perspectives of a liver surgeon, interventional radiologist, and oncologist (Taouli et al, 2023). Delegates voted on consensus statements that were developed by working groups on these meeting themes. A consensus was considered to be reached if at least 80% of the voting delegates agreed on the statements. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: This review highlights the clinical applications of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for liver cancer screening and diagnosis, as well as its cost-effectiveness and the applications of radiomics and AI in patients with liver cancer. KEY POINTS: • Interpretation of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI differs slightly between Eastern and Western guidelines, reflecting different regional requirements for sensitivity vs specificity. • Emerging data are encouraging for the cost-effectiveness of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in HCC screening and diagnosis, but more studies are required. • Radiomics and artificial intelligence are likely, in the future, to contribute to the detection, staging, assessment of treatment response and prediction of prognosis of HCC-reducing the burden on radiologists and other specialists and supporting timely and targeted treatment for patients.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37500964
doi: 10.1007/s00330-023-09928-y
pii: 10.1007/s00330-023-09928-y
doi:
Substances chimiques
gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA
0
Contrast Media
0
Gadolinium DTPA
K2I13DR72L
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
9152-9166Subventions
Organisme : Bayer
ID : AG
Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to European Society of Radiology.
Références
Omata M, Cheng AL, Kokudo N et al (2017) Asia-Pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma: a 2017 update. Hepatol Int 11:317–370
pubmed: 28620797
Korean Liver Cancer Association, National Cancer Center (2019) 2018 Korean Liver Cancer Association-National Cancer Center Korea practice guidelines for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut Liver 13:227–299
Kudo M, Kawamura Y, Hasegawa K et al (2021) Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan: JSH consensus statements and recommendations 2021 update. Liver Cancer 10:181–223
pubmed: 34239808
pmcid: 8237791
Zhou J, Sun H, Wang Z et al (2020) Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (2019 edition). Liver Cancer 9:682–720
pubmed: 33442540
pmcid: 7768108
Xie D-Y, Ren Z-G, Zhou J, Fan J, Gao Q (2020) 2019 Chinese clinical guidelines for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma: updates and insights. Hepatobil Surg Nutr 9:452–463
Joo I, Lee JM, Lee DH, Jeon JH, Han JK, Choi BI (2015) Noninvasive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: can hypointensity on the hepatobiliary phase be used as an alternative to washout? Eur Radiol 25:2859–2868
pubmed: 25773941
Zech CJ, Ba-Ssalamah A, Berg T et al (2020) Consensus report from the 8th International forum for liver magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Radiol 30:370–382
pubmed: 31385048
Joo I, Lee JM, Lee DH, Jeon JH, Han JK (2019) Retrospective validation of a new diagnostic criterion for hepatocellular carcinoma on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: can hypointensity on the hepatobiliary phase be used as an alternative to washout with the aid of ancillary features? Eur Radiol 29:1724–1732
pubmed: 30255250
Elsayes KM, Hooker JC, Agrons MM et al (2017) 2017 Version of LI-RADS for CT and MR imaging: an update. Radiographics 37:1994–2017
pubmed: 29131761
Kim DH, Choi SH, Kim SY, Kim M-J, Lee SS, Byun JH (2019) Gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI of hepatocellular carcinoma: value of washout in transitional and hepatobiliary phases. Radiology 291:651–657
pubmed: 30990381
Hwang SH, Park M-S, Park S, Lim JS, Kim SU, Park YN (2021) Comparison of the current guidelines for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma using gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Radiol 31:4492–4503
pubmed: 33409787
Jeon SK, Lee JM, Joo I, Yoo J, Park J-Y (2020) Comparison of guidelines for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in transplantation candidates. Eur Radiol 30:4762–4771
pubmed: 32333148
Wang W, Yang C, Zhu K et al (2020) Recurrence after curative resection of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnostic algorithms on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Liver Transpl 26:751–763
pubmed: 31901208
Kim HD, Lim YS, Han S et al (2015) Evaluation of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma by magnetic resonance imaging with gadoxetic acid detects additional lesions and increases overall survival. Gastroenterology 148:1371–1382
pubmed: 25733098
Roberts LR, Sirlin CB, Zaiem F et al (2018) Imaging for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatology 67:401–421
pubmed: 28859233
Hanna RF, Miloushev VZ, Tang A et al (2016) Comparative 13-year meta-analysis of the sensitivity and positive predictive value of ultrasound, CT, and MRI for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma. Abdom Radiol (NY) 41:71–90
pubmed: 26830614
Kim YY, Park MS, Aljoqiman KS, Choi JY, Kim MJ (2019) Gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: hepatocellular carcinoma and mimickers. Clin Mol Hepatol 25:223–233
pubmed: 30661336
pmcid: 6759431
Choi J-Y, Lee J-M, Sirlin CB (2014) CT and MR imaging diagnosis and staging of hepatocellular carcinoma: part I. Development, growth, and spread: key pathologic and imaging aspects. Radiology 272:635–654
pubmed: 25153274
Inoue T, Hyodo T, Murakami T et al (2013) Hypovascular hepatic nodules showing hypointense on the hepatobiliary-phase image of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI to develop a hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma: a nationwide retrospective study on their natural course and risk factors. Digest Dis 31:472–479
Suh CH, Kim KW, Pyo J, Lee J, Kim SY, Park SH (2017) Hypervascular transformation of hypovascular hypointense nodules in the hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 209:781–789
pubmed: 28742376
Marrero JA, Kulik LM, Sirlin CB et al (2018) Diagnosis, staging, and management of hepatocellular carcinoma: 2018 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology 68:723–750
pubmed: 29624699
American College of Radiology (2018) CT/MRI LI-RADS® v2018. https://www.acr.org/Clinical-Resources/Reporting-and-Data-Systems/LI-RADS/CT-MRI-LI-RADS-v2018 . Accessed 1 June 2022
European Association for the Study of the Liver (2018) EASL Clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 69:182–236
Burak KW, Sherman M (2015) Hepatocellular carcinoma: consensus, controversies and future directions. A report from the Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma Meeting. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 29:178–184
pubmed: 25965437
pmcid: 4444026
Tzartzeva K, Obi J, Rich NE et al (2018) Surveillance imaging and alpha fetoprotein for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: a meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 154:1706-1718.e1701
pubmed: 29425931
Simmons O, Fetzer DT, Yokoo T et al (2017) Predictors of adequate ultrasound quality for hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in patients with cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 45:169–177
pubmed: 27862091
Goldberg DS, Valderrama A, Kamalakar R, Sansgiry SS, Babajanyan S, Lewis JD (2016) Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance among cirrhotic patients with commercial health insurance. J Clin Gastroenterol 50:258–265
pubmed: 26352107
Brunsing RL, Fowler KJ, Yokoo T, Cunha GM, Sirlin CB, Marks RM (2020) Alternative approach of hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance: abbreviated MRI. Hepatoma Res 6:59
pubmed: 33381651
pmcid: 7771881
Gupta P, Soundararajan R, Patel A, Kumar-M P, Sharma V, Kalra N (2021) Abbreviated MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hepatol 75:108–119
pubmed: 33548385
Min JH, Kim JM, Kim YK et al (2020) Magnetic resonance imaging with extracellular contrast detects hepatocellular carcinoma with greater accuracy than with gadoxetic acid or computed tomography. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 18:2091-2100.e2097
pubmed: 31843599
Ayuso C, Forner A, Darnell A et al (2019) Prospective evaluation of gadoxetic acid magnetic resonance for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in newly detected nodules ≤2 cm in cirrhosis. Liver Int 39:1281–1291
pubmed: 31077539
Kierans AS, Makkar J, Guniganti P et al (2019) Validation of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System 2017 (LI-RADS) criteria for imaging diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Magn Reson Imaging 49:e205–e215
pubmed: 30257054
Min JH, Kim JM, Kim YK et al (2018) Prospective intraindividual comparison of magnetic resonance imaging with gadoxetic acid and extracellular contrast for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinomas using the liver imaging reporting and data system. Hepatology 68:2254–2266
pubmed: 30070365
Paisant A, Vilgrain V, Riou J et al (2020) Comparison of extracellular and hepatobiliary MR contrast agents for the diagnosis of small HCCs. J Hepatol 72:937–945
pubmed: 31870951
Semaan S, Vietti Violi N, Lewis S et al (2020) Hepatocellular carcinoma detection in liver cirrhosis: diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced CT vs. MRI with extracellular contrast vs. gadoxetic acid. Eur Radiol 30:1020–1030
pubmed: 31673837
Cha DI, Choi GS, Kim YK et al (2020) Extracellular contrast-enhanced MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging for HCC diagnosis: prospective comparison with gadoxetic acid using LI-RADS. Eur Radiol 30:3723–3734
pubmed: 32128620
Lee S, Kim MJ, Kim SS et al (2020) Retrospective comparison of EASL 2018 and LI-RADS 2018 for the noninvasive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma using magnetic resonance imaging. Hepatol Int 14:70–79
pubmed: 31802388
An JY, Peña MA, Cunha GM et al (2020) Abbreviated MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma screening and surveillance. Radiographics 40:1916–1931
Wybranski C, Siedek F, Damm R et al (2020) PLoS One 15
Nishie A, Goshima S, Haradome H et al (2017) Cost-effectiveness of EOB-MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan. Clin Ther 39:738-750.e734
pubmed: 28363694
Lee JM, Kim MJ, Phongkitkarun S et al (2016) Health economic evaluation of Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI vs ECCM-MRI and multi-detector computed tomography in patients with suspected hepatocellular carcinoma in Thailand and South Korea. J Med Econ 19:759–768
pubmed: 27026278
Suh CH, Kim KW, Park SH et al (2018) Performing gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI after CT for guiding curative treatment of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 210:W63-w69
pubmed: 29091004
Goossens N, Singal AG, King LY et al (2017) Cost-effectiveness of risk score-stratified hepatocellular carcinoma screening in patients with cirrhosis. Clin Translat Gastroenterol 8:e101
Vietti Violi N, Lewis S, Liao J et al (2020) Gadoxetate-enhanced abbreviated MRI is highly accurate for hepatocellular carcinoma screening. Eur Radiol 30:6003–6013
pubmed: 32588209
Lima PH, Fan B, Bérubé J et al (2019) Cost-utility analysis of imaging for surveillance and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 213:17–25
pubmed: 30995098
Yoon SK, Chun HG (2013) Status of hepatocellular carcinoma in South Korea. Chin Clin Oncol 2:39
pubmed: 25841918
Hwang JA, Kang TW, Min JH et al (2022) Association between intensity of imaging surveillance and clinical outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Radiol 151:110328
pubmed: 35489206
Kang TW, Kong SY, Kang D et al (2020) Use of gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI and mortality in more than 30 000 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a nationwide analysis. Radiology 295:114–124
pubmed: 32013789
Yoo SH, Choi JY, Jang JW et al (2013) Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI is better than MDCT in decision making of curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 20:2893–2900
pubmed: 23649931
Lambin P, Rios-Velazquez E, Leijenaar R et al (2012) Radiomics: extracting more information from medical images using advanced feature analysis. Eur J Cancer 48:441–446
pubmed: 22257792
pmcid: 4533986
Miranda Magalhaes Santos JM, Clemente Oliveira B, Araujo-Filho JdAB et al (2020) State-of-the-art in radiomics of hepatocellular carcinoma: a review of basic principles, applications, and limitations. Abdom Radiol (NY) 45:342–353
pubmed: 31707435
Lewis S, Hectors S, Taouli B (2021) Radiomics of hepatocellular carcinoma. Abdom Radiol (NY) 46:111–123
pubmed: 31925492
Wang W, Gu D, Wei J et al (2020) A radiomics-based biomarker for cytokeratin 19 status of hepatocellular carcinoma with gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. Eur Radiol 30:3004–3014
pubmed: 32002645
Gu D, Xie Y, Wei J et al (2020) MRI-based radiomics signature: a potential biomarker for identifying glypican 3-positive hepatocellular carcinoma. J Magn Reson Imaging 52:1679–1687
pubmed: 32491239
Hectors SJ, Lewis S, Besa C et al (2020) MRI radiomics features predict immuno-oncological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur Radiol 30:3759–3769
pubmed: 32086577
pmcid: 7869026
Ji G-W, Zhu F-P, Xu Q et al (2020) Radiomic features at contrast-enhanced CT predict recurrence in early stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-institutional study. Radiology 294:568–579
pubmed: 31934830
Llovet JM, Castet F, Heikenwalder M et al (2022) Immunotherapies for hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 19:151–172
pubmed: 34764464
Fessas P, Spina P, Boldorini RL et al (2021) Phenotypic characteristics of the tumour microenvironment in primary and secondary hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancers 13:2137
pubmed: 33946676
pmcid: 8124398
Gassenmaier S, Küstner T, Nickel D et al (2021) Deep learning applications in magnetic resonance imaging: has the future become present? Diagnostics (Basel) 11:2181
pubmed: 34943418
Hamm CA, Wang CJ, Savic LJ et al (2019) Deep learning for liver tumor diagnosis part I: development of a convolutional neural network classifier for multi-phasic MRI. Eur Radiol 29:3338–3347
pubmed: 31016442
pmcid: 7251621
Bousabarah K, Letzen B, Tefera J et al (2021) Automated detection and delineation of hepatocellular carcinoma on multiphasic contrast-enhanced MRI using deep learning. Abdom Radiol (NY) 46:216–225
pubmed: 32500237
Oestmann PM, Wang CJ, Savic LJ et al (2021) Deep learning-assisted differentiation of pathologically proven atypical and typical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) versus non-HCC on contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver. Eur Radiol 31:4981–4990
pubmed: 33409782
pmcid: 8222094
Wang CJ, Hamm CA, Savic LJ et al (2019) Deep learning for liver tumor diagnosis part II: convolutional neural network interpretation using radiologic imaging features. Eur Radiol 29:3348–3357
pubmed: 31093705
pmcid: 7243989
Abajian A, Murali N, Savic LJ et al (2018) Predicting treatment response to intra-arterial therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma with the use of supervised machine learning-an artificial intelligence concept. J Vasc Interv Radiol 29:850-857.e851
pubmed: 29548875
pmcid: 5970021