Comparison of Myopia Progression among Myopic Children with Intermittent Exotropia and No Strabismus.
Journal
Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry
ISSN: 1538-9235
Titre abrégé: Optom Vis Sci
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8904931
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 08 2023
01 08 2023
Historique:
medline:
11
9
2023
pubmed:
6
8
2023
entrez:
6
8
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Myopia is a highly prevalent condition in the pediatric population that is commonly comorbid with intermittent exotropia. Our study found a trend toward significance in the reduction of myopia progression with strabismus correction surgery. Further investigations characterizing the interaction between myopia and strabismus may help inform future management guidelines. This study describes and compares myopic progression in the pediatric population with and without intermittent exotropia and its interaction with corrective strabismus surgery. This study analyzed a retrospective cohort of 1239 pediatric myopic patients who were evaluated by pediatric ophthalmologists and optometrists at a tertiary care center from 2012 to 2020. The main outcome measures were the trends in refractive error over time in those with and without intermittent exotropia as well as trends in those who did and did not undergo strabismus surgery. A total of 275 patients (22%) were identified to have intermittent exotropia, and 12 (4.4%) from this group underwent surgical correction in the study period. No statistically significant difference was identified in myopic progression between those with intermittent exotropia and those without strabismus, and no difference was found in mean annual spherical equivalent change between intermittent exotropia patients who did not undergo surgery compared with those who did. Pediatric myopic patients generally experience progression in the condition for several years independent of concurrent intermittent exotropia. Corrective strabismus surgery was not found to alter the natural history of myopia in children, although a reduction in myopic progression in surgically treated patients trended toward significance. Increases in the prevalence of different treatment strategies will necessitate further studies to determine best practices for this population.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37543745
doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000002047
pii: 00006324-990000000-00136
doi:
Substances chimiques
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid
10041-19-7
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
508-514Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 American Academy of Optometry.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of Interest Disclosure: None of the authors have reported a conflict of interest.
Références
Katz J, Tielsch JM, Sommer A. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Refractive Errors in an Adult Inner City Population. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1997;38:334–40.
Vitale S, Sperduto RD, Ferris FL 3rd. Increased Prevalence of Myopia in the United States between 1971–1972 and 1999–2004. Arch Ophthalmol 2009;127:1632–9.
Saw SM, Chan YH, Wong WL, et al. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Refractive Errors in the Singapore Malay Eye Survey. Ophthalmology 2008;115:1713–9.
Wong TY, Foster PJ, Hee J, et al. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Refractive Errors in Adult Chinese in Singapore. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000;41:2486–94.
Lin LL, Shih YF, Hsiao CK, et al. Epidemiologic Study of the Prevalence and Severity of Myopia among Schoolchildren in Taiwan in 2000. J Formos Med Assoc 2001;100:684–91.
Holden BA, Fricke TR, Wilson DA, et al. Global Prevalence of Myopia and High Myopia and Temporal Trends from 2000 through 2050. Ophthalmology 2016;123:1036–42.
Govindan M, Mohney BG, Diehl NN, et al. Incidence and Types of Childhood Exotropia: A Population-based Study. Ophthalmology 2005;112:104–8.
Chia A, Roy L, Seenyen L. Comitant Horizontal Strabismus: An Asian Perspective. Br J Ophthalmol 2007;91:1337–40.
Abrahamsson M, Fabian G, Sjöstrand J. Refraction Changes in Children Developing Convergent or Divergent Strabismus. Br J Ophthalmol 1992;76:723–7.
Gwiazda J, Marsh-Tootle WL, Hyman L, et al; COMET Study Group. Baseline Refractive and Ocular Component Measures of Children Enrolled in the Correction of Myopia Evaluation Trial (COMET). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002;43:314–21.
Ingram RM, Gill LE, Lambert TW. Emmetropisation in Normal and Strabismic Children and the Associated Changes of Anisometropia. Strabismus 2003;11:71–84.
Ingram RM. Refraction as a Basis for Screening Children for Squint and Amblyopia. Br J Ophthalmol 1977;61:8–15.
Ip JM, Robaei D, Kifley A, et al. Prevalence of Hyperopia and Associations with Eye Findings in 6- and 12-year-olds. Ophthalmology 2008;115:678–85.e1.
Ekdawi NS, Nusz KJ, Diehl NN, et al. The Development of Myopia among Children with Intermittent Exotropia. Am J Ophthalmol 2010;149:503–7.
Shin KH, Hyun SH, Kim IN, et al. The Impact of Intermittent Exotropia and Surgery for Intermittent Exotropia on Myopic Progression among Early School-aged Children with Myopia. Br J Ophthalmol 2014;98:1250–4.
Chua WH, Balakrishnan V, Chan YH, et al. Atropine for the Treatment of Childhood Myopia. Ophthalmology 2006;113:2285–91.
Chia A, Chua WH, Cheung YB, et al. Atropine for the Treatment of Childhood Myopia: Safety and Efficacy of 0.5%, 0.1%, and 0.01% Doses (Atropine for the Treatment of Myopia 2). Ophthalmology 2012;119:347–54.
Li FF, Yam JC. Low-concentration Atropine Eye Drops for Myopia Progression. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2019;8:360–5.
Bi Y, Yam JC, Lin S. A Retrospective Study of Strabismus Surgery in a Tertiary Eye Hospital in the Chaoshan Area in China from 2014 to 2020. BMC Ophthalmol 2022;22:246.
Harris A, Taylor R, Minor BL, et al. The REDCap Consortium: Building an International Community of Software Platform Partners. J Biomed Inform 2019;95:103208.
Harris A, Taylor R, Thielke R, et al. Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap)—A Metadata-driven Methodology and Workflow Process for Providing Translational Research Informatics Support. J Biomed Inform 2009;42:377–81.
Kekunnaya R, Chandrasekharan A, Sachdeva V. Management of Strabismus in Myopes. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2015;22:298–306.
Walline JJ, Lindsley KB, Vedula SS, et al. Interventions to Slow Progression of Myopia in Children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020;1:CD004916.
Walline JJ, Walker MK, Mutti DO, et al. Effect of High Add Power, Medium Add Power, or Single-vision Contact Lenses on Myopia Progression in Children: The BLINK Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2020;324:571–80.
Chen AM, Holmes JM, et alPediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group. A Randomized Trial Evaluating Short-term Effectiveness of Overminus Lenses in Children 3 to 6 Years of Age with Intermittent Exotropia. Ophthalmology 2016;123:2127–36.