State expansion of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program eligibility and rates of foster care entries.
Broad-based categorical eligibility
Food insecurity
Foster care
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
Journal
Child abuse & neglect
ISSN: 1873-7757
Titre abrégé: Child Abuse Negl
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7801702
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2023
11 2023
Historique:
received:
01
06
2023
revised:
02
08
2023
accepted:
09
08
2023
medline:
25
9
2023
pubmed:
18
8
2023
entrez:
17
8
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
State expansion of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) eligibility under broad-based categorical eligibility (BBCE) is associated with decreases in household poverty and food insecurity, child protective services investigations, and mental health and substance use disorders among adults, key contributors to foster care entry. To examine the association of state expansion of SNAP eligibility under BBCE with rates of foster care entries. Foster care entries among children ages <18 years. We used 2005-2019 data from the SNAP Policy Database and the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS). We conducted difference-in-differences analyses and generated event study plots adjusting for state economic conditions (percent population unemployed, median household income) and policies (minimum wage, refundable Earned Income Tax Credits, maximum Temporary Assistance for Needy Families benefit for a family of 3). On average, there were 1.8 fewer foster care entries (95 % confidence interval (CI) -2.8, -0.8) per 1000 children per year in states that expanded SNAP eligibility than there would have been if they had not expanded eligibility. Average decreases in foster care entries were similar among young (-1.7 per 1000 children per year, 95 % -3.1, -0.3) and school-age (-1.8 per 1000 children per year, 95 % CI -2.7, -0.8) children and larger among Black non-Hispanic (-5.6 per 1000 children per year, 95 % CI -9.1, -2.0) than among White non-Hispanic (-1.4 per 1000 children per year, 95 % CI -2.2, -0.6) children. The magnitude of these decreases increased with greater time since policy adoption. Results add to growing evidence that programs and policies that support and stabilize household economic and material conditions may contribute to reductions in foster care entries at the population-level.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
State expansion of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) eligibility under broad-based categorical eligibility (BBCE) is associated with decreases in household poverty and food insecurity, child protective services investigations, and mental health and substance use disorders among adults, key contributors to foster care entry.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the association of state expansion of SNAP eligibility under BBCE with rates of foster care entries.
PARTICIPANTS
Foster care entries among children ages <18 years.
METHODS
We used 2005-2019 data from the SNAP Policy Database and the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS). We conducted difference-in-differences analyses and generated event study plots adjusting for state economic conditions (percent population unemployed, median household income) and policies (minimum wage, refundable Earned Income Tax Credits, maximum Temporary Assistance for Needy Families benefit for a family of 3).
RESULTS
On average, there were 1.8 fewer foster care entries (95 % confidence interval (CI) -2.8, -0.8) per 1000 children per year in states that expanded SNAP eligibility than there would have been if they had not expanded eligibility. Average decreases in foster care entries were similar among young (-1.7 per 1000 children per year, 95 % -3.1, -0.3) and school-age (-1.8 per 1000 children per year, 95 % CI -2.7, -0.8) children and larger among Black non-Hispanic (-5.6 per 1000 children per year, 95 % CI -9.1, -2.0) than among White non-Hispanic (-1.4 per 1000 children per year, 95 % CI -2.2, -0.6) children. The magnitude of these decreases increased with greater time since policy adoption.
CONCLUSIONS
Results add to growing evidence that programs and policies that support and stabilize household economic and material conditions may contribute to reductions in foster care entries at the population-level.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37591049
pii: S0145-2134(23)00387-3
doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106399
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
106399Subventions
Organisme : NCIPC CDC HHS
ID : R01 CE003334
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of competing interest None reported.