Engineering of substrate specificity in a plant cell-wall modifying enzyme through alterations of carboxyl-terminal amino acid residues.
computational chemistry
docking and molecular dynamics
donor and acceptor substrates
electrostatic potential
hetero-transglycosylation
pectin fragment
site-directed mutagenesis
Journal
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
ISSN: 1365-313X
Titre abrégé: Plant J
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9207397
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Dec 2023
Dec 2023
Historique:
revised:
07
08
2023
received:
17
05
2023
accepted:
12
08
2023
medline:
29
11
2023
pubmed:
4
9
2023
entrez:
2
9
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Structural determinants of substrate recognition remain inadequately defined in broad specific cell-wall modifying enzymes, termed xyloglucan xyloglucosyl transferases (XETs). Here, we investigate the Tropaeolum majus seed TmXET6.3 isoform, a member of the GH16_20 subfamily of the GH16 network. This enzyme recognises xyloglucan (XG)-derived donors and acceptors, and a wide spectrum of other chiefly saccharide substrates, although it lacks the activity with homogalacturonan (pectin) fragments. We focus on defining the functionality of carboxyl-terminal residues in TmXET6.3, which extend acceptor binding regions in the GH16_20 subfamily but are absent in the related GH16_21 subfamily. Site-directed mutagenesis using double to quintuple mutants in the carboxyl-terminal region - substitutions emulated on barley XETs recognising the XG/penta-galacturonide acceptor substrate pair - demonstrated that this activity could be gained in TmXET6.3. We demonstrate the roles of semi-conserved Arg238 and Lys237 residues, introducing a net positive charge in the carboxyl-terminal region (which complements a negative charge of the acidic penta-galacturonide) for the transfer of xyloglucan fragments. Experimental data, supported by molecular modelling of TmXET6.3 with the XG oligosaccharide donor and penta-galacturonide acceptor substrates, indicated that they could be accommodated in the active site. Our findings support the conclusion on the significance of positively charged residues at the carboxyl terminus of TmXET6.3 and suggest that a broad specificity could be engineered via modifications of an acceptor binding site. The definition of substrate specificity in XETs should prove invaluable for defining the structure, dynamics, and function of plant cell walls, and their metabolism; these data could be applicable in various biotechnologies.
Substances chimiques
Glycosyltransferases
EC 2.4.-
Amino Acids
0
Xylans
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1529-1544Subventions
Organisme : Australian Research Council
ID : DP120100900
Organisme : European Regional Development Fund
ID : ITMS 313011T560
Organisme : Vedecká grantová agentúra in Slovakia
Informations de copyright
© 2023 The Authors. The Plant Journal published by Society for Experimental Biology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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