Shuttle between arginine and lysine: influence on cancer immunonutrition.
Antagonism
Cancer
Immunonutrition
L-arginine
L-lysine
Nitric oxide
Journal
Amino acids
ISSN: 1438-2199
Titre abrégé: Amino Acids
Pays: Austria
ID NLM: 9200312
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2023
Nov 2023
Historique:
received:
18
07
2023
accepted:
29
08
2023
medline:
4
12
2023
pubmed:
20
9
2023
entrez:
20
9
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Amino acids which are essential nutrients for all cell types' survival are also recognised to serve as opportunistic/alternative fuels in cancers auxotrophic for specific amino acids. Accordingly, restriction of amino acids has been utilised as a therapeutic strategy in these cancers. Contrastingly, amino acid deficiencies in cancer are found to greatly impair immune functions, increasing mortality and morbidity rates. Dietary and supplemental amino acids in such conditions have revealed their importance as 'immunonutrients' by modulating cellular homeostasis processes and halting malignant progression. L-arginine specifically has attracted interest as an immunonutrient by acting as a nodal regulator of immune responses linked to carcinogenesis processes through its versatile signalling molecule, nitric oxide (NO). The quantum of NO generated directly influences the cytotoxic and cytostatic processes of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence. However, L-lysine, a CAT transporter competitor for arginine effectively limits arginine input at high L-lysine concentrations by limiting arginine-mediated effects. The phenomenon of arginine-lysine antagonism can, therefore, be hypothesised to influence the immunonutritional effects exerted by arginine. The review highlights aspects of lysine's interference with arginine-mediated NO generation and its consequences on immunonutritional and anti-cancer effects, and discusses possible alternatives to manage the condition. However, further research that considers monitoring lysine levels in arginine immunonutritional therapy is essential to conclude the hypothesis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37728630
doi: 10.1007/s00726-023-03327-9
pii: 10.1007/s00726-023-03327-9
doi:
Substances chimiques
Arginine
94ZLA3W45F
Lysine
K3Z4F929H6
Amino Acids
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1461-1473Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature.
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