Phylogeography and ecological niche modeling implicate multiple microrefugia of Swertia tetraptera during quaternary glaciations.
Haplotypes
Phylogeographic structure
Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Quaternary glaciations
Refugia
Swertia tetraptera
cpDNA trnS-trnG
Journal
BMC plant biology
ISSN: 1471-2229
Titre abrégé: BMC Plant Biol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100967807
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
26 Sep 2023
26 Sep 2023
Historique:
received:
20
08
2022
accepted:
17
09
2023
medline:
27
9
2023
pubmed:
26
9
2023
entrez:
25
9
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Climate fluctuations during the Pleistocene and mountain uplift are vital driving forces affecting geographic distribution. Here, we ask how an annual plant responded to the Pleistocene glacial cycles. In this study, we analyzed the population demographic history of the annual herb Swertia tetraptera Maxim (Gentianaceae) endemic to Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). A total of 301 individuals from 35 populations of S. tetraptera were analyzed based on two maternally inherited chloroplast fragments (trnL-trnF and trnS-trnG). Phylogeographic analysis was combined with species distribution modeling to detect the genetic variations in S. tetraptera. The genetic diversity of S. tetraptera was high, likely due to its wide natural range, high proportion of endemic haplotypes and evolutionary history. Fifty-four haplotypes were identified in S. tetraptera. Only a few haplotypes were widespread (Hap_4, Hap_1, Hap_3), which were dispersed throughout the present geographical range of S. tetraptera, while many haplotypes were confined to single populations. The cpDNA dataset showed that phylogeographic structuring was lacking across the distribution range of S. tetraptera. Analyses of molecular variance showed that most genetic variation was found within populations (70.51%). In addition, the relationships of the haplotypes were almost completely unresolved by phylogenetic reconstruction. Both mismatch distribution analysis and neutrality tests showed a recent expansion across the distribution range of S. tetraptera. The MaxEnt analysis showed that S. tetraptera had a narrow distribution range during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and a wide distribution range during the current time, with predictions into the future showing the distribution range of S. tetraptera expanding. Our study implies that the current geographic and genetic distribution of S. tetraptera is likely to have been shaped by Quaternary periods. Multiple microrefugia of S. tetraptera existed during Quaternary glaciations. Rapid intraspecific diversification and hybridization and/or introgression may have played a vital role in shaping the current distribution patterns of S. tetraptera. The distribution range of S. tetraptera appeared to have experienced contraction during the LGM; in the future, when the global climate becomes warmer with rising carbon dioxide levels, the distribution of S. tetraptera will expand.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Climate fluctuations during the Pleistocene and mountain uplift are vital driving forces affecting geographic distribution. Here, we ask how an annual plant responded to the Pleistocene glacial cycles.
METHODS
METHODS
In this study, we analyzed the population demographic history of the annual herb Swertia tetraptera Maxim (Gentianaceae) endemic to Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). A total of 301 individuals from 35 populations of S. tetraptera were analyzed based on two maternally inherited chloroplast fragments (trnL-trnF and trnS-trnG). Phylogeographic analysis was combined with species distribution modeling to detect the genetic variations in S. tetraptera.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The genetic diversity of S. tetraptera was high, likely due to its wide natural range, high proportion of endemic haplotypes and evolutionary history. Fifty-four haplotypes were identified in S. tetraptera. Only a few haplotypes were widespread (Hap_4, Hap_1, Hap_3), which were dispersed throughout the present geographical range of S. tetraptera, while many haplotypes were confined to single populations. The cpDNA dataset showed that phylogeographic structuring was lacking across the distribution range of S. tetraptera. Analyses of molecular variance showed that most genetic variation was found within populations (70.51%). In addition, the relationships of the haplotypes were almost completely unresolved by phylogenetic reconstruction. Both mismatch distribution analysis and neutrality tests showed a recent expansion across the distribution range of S. tetraptera. The MaxEnt analysis showed that S. tetraptera had a narrow distribution range during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and a wide distribution range during the current time, with predictions into the future showing the distribution range of S. tetraptera expanding.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Our study implies that the current geographic and genetic distribution of S. tetraptera is likely to have been shaped by Quaternary periods. Multiple microrefugia of S. tetraptera existed during Quaternary glaciations. Rapid intraspecific diversification and hybridization and/or introgression may have played a vital role in shaping the current distribution patterns of S. tetraptera. The distribution range of S. tetraptera appeared to have experienced contraction during the LGM; in the future, when the global climate becomes warmer with rising carbon dioxide levels, the distribution of S. tetraptera will expand.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37749488
doi: 10.1186/s12870-023-04471-w
pii: 10.1186/s12870-023-04471-w
pmc: PMC10521563
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
450Subventions
Organisme : the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program
ID : No. 2019QZKK1003
Organisme : Key deployment project of Chinese Academy of Sciences
ID : No. ZDRW-ZS-2020
Informations de copyright
© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.
Références
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2004 Feb 29;359(1442):183-95; discussion 195
pubmed: 15101575
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Apr 30;99(9):6112-7
pubmed: 11972064
Mol Ecol. 2005 Oct;14(11):3513-24
pubmed: 16156819
Genetics. 1996 Nov;144(3):1237-45
pubmed: 8913764
Mol Ecol. 2009 Feb;18(4):709-21
pubmed: 19175501
PeerJ. 2019 Feb 06;7:e6281
pubmed: 30755826
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Oct 12;12:738769
pubmed: 34712259
Zool Res. 2022 Sep 18;43(5):787-804
pubmed: 35993131
Front Genet. 2022 Aug 31;13:895146
pubmed: 36118878
PeerJ. 2017 Dec 5;5:e4095
pubmed: 29230356
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Feb 10;755(Pt 1):142548
pubmed: 33035977
Front Genet. 2018 Sep 18;9:381
pubmed: 30279701
PLoS One. 2013 Jul 29;8(7):e69885
pubmed: 23922841
Mol Ecol. 2000 Nov;9(11):1783-92
pubmed: 11091314
Mol Biol Evol. 1999 Jan;16(1):37-48
pubmed: 10331250
Genetica. 2011 Mar;139(3):339-51
pubmed: 21298554
Bioinformatics. 2009 Jun 1;25(11):1451-2
pubmed: 19346325
Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jul 15;30(14):3059-66
pubmed: 12136088
Science. 2002 Sep 20;297(5589):2044-7
pubmed: 12242441
Plant Mol Biol. 1991 Nov;17(5):1105-9
pubmed: 1932684
Genetics. 1995 Sep;141(1):413-29
pubmed: 8536987
Nature. 2003 Feb 6;421(6923):622-4
pubmed: 12571593
Mol Ecol. 2009 Dec;18(24):5126-42
pubmed: 19900173
Mol Ecol. 2003 Feb;12(2):299-313
pubmed: 12535083
Evolution. 2008 Nov;62(11):2868-83
pubmed: 18752605
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2010 Dec;57(3):1162-72
pubmed: 20828627
Heredity (Edinb). 2006 Mar;96(3):222-31
pubmed: 16449984
Mol Biol Evol. 2005 Mar;22(3):792-802
pubmed: 15590907
Mol Biol Evol. 1992 May;9(3):552-69
pubmed: 1316531
Mol Ecol. 2008 Feb;17(4):1054-65
pubmed: 18208489
Mol Ecol Resour. 2010 May;10(3):564-7
pubmed: 21565059
Mol Ecol. 2007 Oct;16(19):4128-37
pubmed: 17894761
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Sep 2;94(18):9996-10001
pubmed: 11038572
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Nov 08;8:1929
pubmed: 29167679
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jan 13;12:830119
pubmed: 35095992
Bioinformatics. 2003 Aug 12;19(12):1572-4
pubmed: 12912839
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2011 Apr;59(1):225-44
pubmed: 21292014
Ecol Lett. 2005 Sep;8(9):993-1009
pubmed: 34517687
Genetica. 2008 Feb;132(2):123-9
pubmed: 17516136
Mol Ecol. 2004 May;13(5):1143-55
pubmed: 15078452
J Integr Plant Biol. 2009 Jul;51(7):698-706
pubmed: 19566648
Nature. 2000 Feb 24;403(6772):853-8
pubmed: 10706275
Genetics. 1989 Nov;123(3):585-95
pubmed: 2513255
Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Oct 10;8(19):4321-5
pubmed: 7433111
Brief Bioinform. 2008 Jul;9(4):299-306
pubmed: 18417537
PeerJ. 2017 Mar 14;5:e3093
pubmed: 28316894
Ecol Evol. 2015 Mar;5(6):1131-42
pubmed: 25859320
Mol Ecol. 2006 Dec;15(14):4261-93
pubmed: 17107465
Mol Ecol. 1999 Mar;8(3):521-3
pubmed: 10199016
Genetics. 1993 Mar;133(3):693-709
pubmed: 8454210