Dairy consumption and incident prediabetes: prospective associations and network models in the large population-based Lifelines Study.
cheese
dairy
diet
epidemiology
milk
mixed graphical model
network analysis
prediabetes
type 2 diabetes
yogurt
Journal
The American journal of clinical nutrition
ISSN: 1938-3207
Titre abrégé: Am J Clin Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0376027
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2023
12 2023
Historique:
received:
30
01
2023
revised:
21
08
2023
accepted:
04
10
2023
medline:
5
12
2023
pubmed:
10
10
2023
entrez:
9
10
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Evidence on associations between dairy consumption and incident prediabetes is inconsistent. One potential explanation for heterogeneity is that health behavior and food intake covary with the consumption of various high-fat and low-fat dairy types. The objective was to investigate the associations of total dairy and dairy types with incident prediabetes and to assess how dairy intake is linked with metabolic risk factors, lifestyle behaviors, and foods, as potential explanations for these associations. Overall, 74,132 participants from the prospective population-based Lifelines study were included (mean age, 45.5 ± 12.3 y; 59.7% female). Baseline dairy intake was measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Prediabetes at follow-up was defined based on the World Health Organization/International Expert Committee criteria as fasting plasma glucose of 110-125 mg/dL or glycated hemoglobin concentrations of 6.0%-6.5%. Associations were analyzed using Poisson regression models adjusted for social demographics, lifestyle behaviors, family history of diabetes, and food group intake. Interconnections were assessed with mixed graphical model networks. At a mean follow-up of 4.1 ± 1.1 y, 2746 participants developed prediabetes (3.7%). In regression analyses, neutral associations were found for most dairy types. Intake of plain milk and low-fat milk were associated with a higher risk of prediabetes in the top compared with bottom quartiles (relative risk [RR]: 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05, 1.30; P-trend = 0.04 and RR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.31; P-trend =0.01). Strong but nonsignificant effect estimates for high-fat yogurt in relation to prediabetes were found (RR In this large cohort of Dutch adults, low-fat milk intake was associated with higher prediabetes risk. Heterogeneous associations by dairy type and fat content might partly be attributed to confounding caused by behaviors and food intake related to dairy intake.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Evidence on associations between dairy consumption and incident prediabetes is inconsistent. One potential explanation for heterogeneity is that health behavior and food intake covary with the consumption of various high-fat and low-fat dairy types.
OBJECTIVE
The objective was to investigate the associations of total dairy and dairy types with incident prediabetes and to assess how dairy intake is linked with metabolic risk factors, lifestyle behaviors, and foods, as potential explanations for these associations.
METHODS
Overall, 74,132 participants from the prospective population-based Lifelines study were included (mean age, 45.5 ± 12.3 y; 59.7% female). Baseline dairy intake was measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Prediabetes at follow-up was defined based on the World Health Organization/International Expert Committee criteria as fasting plasma glucose of 110-125 mg/dL or glycated hemoglobin concentrations of 6.0%-6.5%. Associations were analyzed using Poisson regression models adjusted for social demographics, lifestyle behaviors, family history of diabetes, and food group intake. Interconnections were assessed with mixed graphical model networks.
RESULTS
At a mean follow-up of 4.1 ± 1.1 y, 2746 participants developed prediabetes (3.7%). In regression analyses, neutral associations were found for most dairy types. Intake of plain milk and low-fat milk were associated with a higher risk of prediabetes in the top compared with bottom quartiles (relative risk [RR]: 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05, 1.30; P-trend = 0.04 and RR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.31; P-trend =0.01). Strong but nonsignificant effect estimates for high-fat yogurt in relation to prediabetes were found (RR
CONCLUSIONS
In this large cohort of Dutch adults, low-fat milk intake was associated with higher prediabetes risk. Heterogeneous associations by dairy type and fat content might partly be attributed to confounding caused by behaviors and food intake related to dairy intake.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37813340
pii: S0002-9165(23)66176-3
doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.10.002
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Dietary Fats
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1077-1090Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.