Halitosis: etiology, prevention, and the role of microbiota.
Halitosis
Microbiota
Oral health
Oral malodor
Volatile sulfur compounds
Journal
Clinical oral investigations
ISSN: 1436-3771
Titre abrégé: Clin Oral Investig
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9707115
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2023
Nov 2023
Historique:
received:
10
05
2023
accepted:
27
09
2023
medline:
8
11
2023
pubmed:
16
10
2023
entrez:
16
10
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
This study aims to review halitosis research, discuss its various causes, and propose effective interventions based on the underlying etiologies and mechanisms. The main research question is to identify the primary factors contributing to halitosis and appropriate strategies to address them. A comprehensive literature review was conducted on halitosis and its associated causes, including oral pathological factors, oral microbial influences, microbial metabolic pathways, gastrointestinal diseases, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Unhealthy eating habits and an imbalance of microorganisms in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract were identified as primary causes of halitosis. Dental caries, periodontal disease, xerostomia, and digestive disorders like gastritis and irritable bowel syndrome were also found to be related to the development of halitosis. Due to poor oral hygiene or antibiotic use, disruption of microbial communities can result in dysbiosis, inflammation, and halitosis. Halitosis is a multifactorial condition with various underlying causes, including oral and systemic diseases. Effective interventions should be tailored based on the specific etiologies and mechanisms involved. Understanding the factors contributing to halitosis is crucial for developing appropriate treatment strategies. Enhancing oral hygiene habits, using antimicrobial drugs, or administering probiotics may help regulate oral or intestinal flora, thereby improving halitosis and overall oral health.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37843633
doi: 10.1007/s00784-023-05292-9
pii: 10.1007/s00784-023-05292-9
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
6383-6393Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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