Neurochemical Plasticity of the Carotid Body.
Carotid body
Hyperoxia
Hypoxia
Neurochemical plasticity
Proinflammatory cytokines
Trophic factors
Ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia
Journal
Advances in anatomy, embryology, and cell biology
ISSN: 0301-5556
Titre abrégé: Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0407712
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2023
2023
Historique:
medline:
13
11
2023
pubmed:
10
11
2023
entrez:
9
11
2023
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
A striking feature of the carotid body (CB) is its remarkable degree of plasticity in a variety of neurotransmitter/modulator systems in response to environmental stimuli, particularly following hypoxic exposure of animals and during ascent to high altitude. Current evidence suggests that acetylcholine and adenosine triphosphate are two major excitatory neurotransmitter candidates in the hypoxic CB, and they may also be involved as co-transmitters in hypoxic signaling. Conversely, dopamine, histamine and nitric oxide have recently been considered inhibitory transmitters/modulators of hypoxic chemosensitivity. It has also been revealed that interactions between excitatory and inhibitory messenger molecules occur during hypoxia. On the other hand, alterations in purinergic neurotransmitter mechanisms have been implicated in ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia. Chronic hypoxia also induces profound changes in other neurochemical systems within the CB such as the catecholaminergic, peptidergic and nitrergic, which in turn may contribute to increased ventilatory and chemoreceptor responsiveness to hypoxia at high altitude. Taken together, current data suggest that complex interactions among transmitters markedly influence hypoxia-induced transmitter release from the CB. In addition, the expression of a wide variety of growth factors, proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors have been identified in CB parenchymal cells in response to hypoxia and their upregulated expression could mediate the local inflammation and functional alteration of the CB under hypoxic conditions.
Identifiants
pubmed: 37946079
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-44757-0_7
doi:
Substances chimiques
Adenosine Triphosphate
8L70Q75FXE
Neurotransmitter Agents
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
105-122Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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