Biofouling in-water cleaning and scrubbers wash waters, potential sources of marine pollution: the Brazilian case.
Air pollution
Fouling
Invasive species
Marine pollution
Ocean acidification
SOx
Journal
Environmental monitoring and assessment
ISSN: 1573-2959
Titre abrégé: Environ Monit Assess
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 8508350
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 Nov 2023
30 Nov 2023
Historique:
received:
16
08
2023
accepted:
10
11
2023
medline:
1
12
2023
pubmed:
30
11
2023
entrez:
29
11
2023
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Maritime transport is considered a sustainable mean of transporting goods worldwide. In addition to cargo, ships unintentionally transport non-native species. While managing the transport of organisms through ballast water has been at the centre of international efforts, biofouling from ships has not been addressed in the same way and some potentially harmful practices, such as in-water cleaning, still occur worldwide. Another problem arising from ship operating standards is the equipment known as "open-loop scrubbers," which utilizes seawater to "wash" the sulfur content out of the heavy fuel oil (HFO) and, in turn, discharges an acidic wash water full of sulfur and other substances from fuel oils in the environment. Here, we compare the international regulations applied to both issues and how they have been implemented in Brazil so far, considering the perspective of ports and terminals. Results showed that six of sixteen states have already imposed restrictions/bans on scrubbers wash waters, indicating a clear movement in the direction of restricting the discharge as the best way to prevent air and marine pollution. Regarding biofouling, although there is hope with the adoption of the revised guidelines, there are still some doubts considering these are non-binding, depending on national policies to be implemented. In Brazil, there is no national policy yet, and all public ports prohibit vessels in-water cleaning.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38030801
doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-12123-7
pii: 10.1007/s10661-023-12123-7
doi:
Substances chimiques
Water
059QF0KO0R
Sulfur
70FD1KFU70
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1551Informations de copyright
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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