A likelihood ratio approach for utilizing case-control data in the clinical classification of rare sequence variants: application to

Humans Case-Control Studies BRCA2 Protein / genetics Genetic Predisposition to Disease Female BRCA1 Protein / genetics Breast Neoplasms / genetics Likelihood Functions Genetic Variation Penetrance Genetic Testing / methods
ACMG/AMP BRCA PS4 VUS case-control likelihood ratio variant classification

Journal

Human mutation
ISSN: 1098-1004
Titre abrégé: Hum Mutat
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9215429

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2023
Historique:
medline: 1 1 2023
pubmed: 1 1 2023
entrez: 10 5 2024
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

A large number of variants identified through clinical genetic testing in disease susceptibility genes, are of uncertain significance (VUS). Following the recommendations of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP), the frequency in case-control datasets (PS4 criterion), can inform their interpretation. We present a novel case-control likelihood ratio-based method that incorporates gene-specific age-related penetrance. We demonstrate the utility of this method in the analysis of simulated and real datasets. In the analyses of simulated data, the likelihood ratio method was more powerful compared to other methods. Likelihood ratios were calculated for a case-control dataset of

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1155/2023/9961341 PMID: 38725546 PMC: PMC11080979
pubmed: 38725546
doi: 10.1155/2023/9961341
pmc: PMC11080979
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

BRCA2 Protein 0
BRCA1 Protein 0
BRCA1 protein, human 0
BRCA2 protein, human 0

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Auteurs

Maria Zanti (M)

Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Denise G O'Mahony (DG)

Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Michael T Parsons (MT)

Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Hongyan Li (H)

Cancer Control and Population Science, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Joe Dennis (J)

Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Kristiina Aittomäkkiki (K)

Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Irene L Andrulis (IL)

Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Hoda Anton-Culver (H)

Department of Medicine, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.

Kristan J Aronson (KJ)

Department of Public Health Sciences, and Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.

Annelie Augustinsson (A)

Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Heiko Becher (H)

Institute for Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Stig E Bojesen (SE)

Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Manjeet K Bolla (MK)

Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Hermann Brenner (H)

Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany.
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

Melissa A Brown (MA)

School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Saundra S Buys (SS)

Department of Internal Medicine and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Federico Canzian (F)

Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

Sandrine M Caputo (SM)

Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
Paris Sciences Lettres Research University, Paris, France.

Jose E Castelao (JE)

Oncology and Genetics Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo-SERGAS, Vigo, Spain.

Jenny Chang-Claude (J)

Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Cancer Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Kamila Czene (K)

Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Mary B Daly (MB)

Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Arcangela De Nicolo (A)

Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

Peter Devilee (P)

Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Thilo Dörk (T)

Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Alison M Dunning (AM)

Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Miriam Dwek (M)

School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK.

Diana M Eccles (DM)

Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.

Christoph Engel (C)

Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
LIFE - Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.

D Gareth Evans (DG)

Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
North West Genomics Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.

Peter A Fasching (PA)

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.

Manuela Gago-Dominguez (M)

Genomic Medicine Group, International Cancer Genetics and Epidemiology Group, Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Montserrat García-Closas (M)

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.

José A García-Sáenz (JA)

Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.

Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj (A)

MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, University College London, London, UK.

Willemina R R Geurts-Giele (WRR)

Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Graham G Giles (GG)

Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

Gord Glendon (G)

Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Mark S Goldberg (MS)

Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.

Encarna B Gómez Garcia (EBG)

Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.

Melanie Güendert (M)

Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University Womens Clinic Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.

Pascal Guénel (P)

Team 'Exposome and Heredity', CESP, Gustave Roussy, INSERM, University Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France.

Eric Hahnen (E)

Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Christopher A Haiman (CA)

Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Per Hall (P)

Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.

Ute Hamann (U)

Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

Elaine F Harkness (EF)

Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
Nightingale & Genesis Prevention Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.

Frans B L Hogervorst (FBL)

Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Antoinette Hollestelle (A)

Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Reiner Hoppe (R)

Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.
University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

John L Hopper (JL)

Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Claude Houdayer (C)

Department of Genetics, F76000 and Normandy University, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.

Richard S Houlston (RS)

Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.

Anthony Howell (A)

Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

Milena Jakimovska (M)

Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 'Georgi D. Efremov', MASA, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia.

Anna Jakubowska (A)

Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.

Helena Jernström (H)

Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Esther M John (EM)

Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Rudolf Kaaks (R)

Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

Cari M Kitahara (CM)

Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Stella Koutros (S)

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Peter Kraft (P)

Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

Vessela N Kristensen (VN)

Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

James V Lacey (JV)

Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.

Diether Lambrechts (D)

Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.

Melanie Léoné (M)

Genetic and Cancer Medical Laboratory HCL-CLB, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France.

Annika Lindblom (A)

Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Jan Lubiński (J)

Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.

Michael Lush (M)

Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Arto Mannermaa (A)

Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Biobank of Eastern Finland, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.

Mehdi Manoochehri (M)

Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

Siranoush Manoukian (S)

Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Sara Margolin (S)

Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Maria Elena Martinez (ME)

Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Usha Menon (U)

MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, University College London, London, UK.

Roger L Milne (RL)

Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

Alvaro N Monteiro (AN)

Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.

Rachel A Murphy (RA)

School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Susan L Neuhausen (SL)

Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.

Heli Nevanlinna (H)

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

William G Newman (WG)

Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
North West Genomics Laboratory Hub, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.

Kenneth Offit (K)

Clinical Genetics Research Lab, Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Sue K Park (SK)

Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

Paul James (P)

Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Paolo Peterlongo (P)

Genome Diagnostics Program, IFOM - ETS the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.

Julian Peto (J)

Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska (D)

Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 'Georgi D. Efremov', MASA, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia.

Kevin Punie (K)

Department of General Medical Oncology and Multidisciplinary Breast Centre, Leuven Cancer Institute and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Paolo Radice (P)

Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy.

Muhammad U Rashid (MU)

Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Basic Sciences, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan.

Gad Rennert (G)

Clalit National Cancer Control Center, Carmel Medical Center and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.

Atocha Romero (A)

Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.

Efraim H Rosenberg (EH)

Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Emmanouil Saloustros (E)

Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.

Dale P Sandler (DP)

Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.

Marjanka K Schmidt (MK)

Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Rita K Schmutzler (RK)

Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Xiao-Ou Shu (XO)

Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.

Jacques Simard (J)

Genomics Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada.

Melissa C Southey (MC)

Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Jennifer Stone (J)

Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Genetic Epidemiology Group, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet (D)

Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
Department of Tumour Biology, INSERM U830, Paris, France.
Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.

Rulla M Tamimi (RM)

Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

William J Tapper (WJ)

Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.

Jack A Taylor (JA)

Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Epigenetic and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.

Soo Hwang Teo (SH)

Breast Cancer Research Programme, Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, UM Cancer Research Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Lauren R Teras (LR)

Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Mary Beth Terry (MB)

Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.

Mads Thomassen (M)

Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odence C, Denmark.

Melissa A Troester (MA)

Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Celine M Vachon (CM)

Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Ana Vega (A)

Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Maaike P G Vreeswijk (MPG)

Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Qin Wang (Q)

Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Barbara Wappenschmidt (B)

Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Clarice R Weinberg (CR)

Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.

Alicja Wolk (A)

Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Wei Zheng (W)

Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.

Bingjian Feng (B)

Department of Dermatology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Fergus J Couch (FJ)

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Amanda B Spurdle (AB)

Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Douglas F Easton (DF)

Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

David E Goldgar (DE)

Department of Dermatology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Kyriaki Michailidou (K)

Biostatistics Unit, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

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