Examining the role of knowledge and trust on vaccine confidence in North Dakota among university students, faculty, and staff.
Media
Rural
Trust
Vaccine confidence
Vaccine knowledge
Journal
BMC public health
ISSN: 1471-2458
Titre abrégé: BMC Public Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968562
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 Jun 2024
07 Jun 2024
Historique:
received:
13
12
2023
accepted:
04
06
2024
medline:
8
6
2024
pubmed:
8
6
2024
entrez:
7
6
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Vaccination is one of the greatest tools for individuals to stay healthy. Individuals are, however, often exposed to misinformation via digital and social media, and thus, may miss the opportunity to develop scientific knowledge about vaccines and trust in relevant stakeholders. This has a damaging impact on vaccine confidence. Understanding vaccine confidence is particularly important in North Dakota, where vaccination rates are lower than national averages. The objectives of this research are to examine the association between vaccine confidence and three potential sources of it, namely, trust, vaccine knowledge, and vaccine information sources and to investigate the relative strength of three vaccine confidence sources, while accounting for covariates. Students (n = 517, 56.6%) and staff and faculty (n = 397, 43.4%) at the University of North Dakota (n = 914) completed an online survey. Logistic regressions estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations among trust in doctors, family/friends, government health agencies, charitable organizations, and religious organizations, vaccine knowledge, vaccine information sources as well as vaccine confidence, accounting for gender, race, marital status, age, religion, political ideology, education, and health status. The mean age of participants was 29.43 years (SD = 13.48). Most were females (71.6%) and white (91.5%). Great trust in doctors (OR = 3.29, p < 0.001, 95%CI 1.89, 5.73) government health agencies (OR = 2.95, p < 0.001, 95%CI 2.13, 4.08) and vaccine knowledge (OR = 1.28, p < 0.001, 95%CI 1.18, 1.38) had higher odds of vaccine confidence. Using Internet Government source as the primary source of vaccine information (OR = 1.73, p < 0.05, 95%CI 1.22, 2.44) showed higher odds of vaccine confidence before all independent variables were introduced, but it became non-significant after they were introduced. Trust in government health agencies showed strongest associations with vaccine confidence. Multiple stakeholders are necessary to ensure verified, accessible, and accurate information in order to advance vaccine confidence in rural, conservative areas.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Vaccination is one of the greatest tools for individuals to stay healthy. Individuals are, however, often exposed to misinformation via digital and social media, and thus, may miss the opportunity to develop scientific knowledge about vaccines and trust in relevant stakeholders. This has a damaging impact on vaccine confidence. Understanding vaccine confidence is particularly important in North Dakota, where vaccination rates are lower than national averages.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
The objectives of this research are to examine the association between vaccine confidence and three potential sources of it, namely, trust, vaccine knowledge, and vaccine information sources and to investigate the relative strength of three vaccine confidence sources, while accounting for covariates.
METHODS
METHODS
Students (n = 517, 56.6%) and staff and faculty (n = 397, 43.4%) at the University of North Dakota (n = 914) completed an online survey. Logistic regressions estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations among trust in doctors, family/friends, government health agencies, charitable organizations, and religious organizations, vaccine knowledge, vaccine information sources as well as vaccine confidence, accounting for gender, race, marital status, age, religion, political ideology, education, and health status.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The mean age of participants was 29.43 years (SD = 13.48). Most were females (71.6%) and white (91.5%). Great trust in doctors (OR = 3.29, p < 0.001, 95%CI 1.89, 5.73) government health agencies (OR = 2.95, p < 0.001, 95%CI 2.13, 4.08) and vaccine knowledge (OR = 1.28, p < 0.001, 95%CI 1.18, 1.38) had higher odds of vaccine confidence. Using Internet Government source as the primary source of vaccine information (OR = 1.73, p < 0.05, 95%CI 1.22, 2.44) showed higher odds of vaccine confidence before all independent variables were introduced, but it became non-significant after they were introduced. Trust in government health agencies showed strongest associations with vaccine confidence.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Multiple stakeholders are necessary to ensure verified, accessible, and accurate information in order to advance vaccine confidence in rural, conservative areas.
Identifiants
pubmed: 38849753
doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19056-x
pii: 10.1186/s12889-024-19056-x
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1539Subventions
Organisme : North Dakota Department of Health and Human Services
ID : G21.341
Organisme : North Dakota Department of Health and Human Services
ID : G21.341
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
Vaccines and immunization. Accessed August 23. 2023. https://www.who.int/health-topics/vaccines-and-immunization .
Galagali PM, Kinikar AA, Kumar VS. Vaccine hesitancy: obstacles and challenges. Curr Pediatr Rep. 2022;10(4):241–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40124-022-00278-9 .
doi: 10.1007/s40124-022-00278-9
pubmed: 36245801
pmcid: 9546747
WHO, Summary. WHO SAGE conclusions and recommendations on Vaccine Hesitancy. Published online January 2015.
Nuwarda RF, Ramzan I, Weekes L, Kayser V. Vaccine hesitancy: Contemporary issues and historical background. Vaccines. 2022;10(10):1595. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10101595 .
doi: 10.3390/vaccines10101595
pubmed: 36298459
pmcid: 9612044
Kim S, Willis E, Wehlage S, Scheffer-Wentz H, Dulitz M. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and short-term and long-term intentions among unvaccinated young adults: a mixed-method approach. BMC Public Health. 2022;22(1):2030. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14448-3 .
doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-14448-3
pubmed: 36344938
pmcid: 9638285
Coverage FV, United States., 2021–22 Influenza Season | FluVaxView | Seasonal Influenza (Flu) | CDC. Published November 14, 2022. Accessed August 22, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/fluvaxview/coverage-2022estimates.htm .
Coverage Rates, Health, and Human Services North Dakota. Accessed August 22, 2023. https://www.hhs.nd.gov/health/diseases-conditions-and-immunization/immunizations/coverage-rates .
Larson HJ, Jarrett C, Eckersberger E, Smith DMD, Paterson P. Understanding vaccine hesitancy around vaccines and vaccination from a global perspective: a systematic review of published literature, 2007–2012. Vaccine. 2014;32(19):2150–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.081 .
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.081
pubmed: 24598724
Robinson R, Nguyen E, Wright M, et al. Factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy and reduced vaccine confidence in rural underserved populations. Humanit Soc Sci Commun. 2022;9(1):416. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01439-3 .
doi: 10.1057/s41599-022-01439-3
pubmed: 36466708
pmcid: 9702767
Vaccine Hesitancy and Exposure to Misinformation: a Survey Analysis - PMC. Accessed October 24. 2023. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8528483/ .
MacDonald NE, SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy: definition, scope and determinants. Vaccine. 2015;33(34):4161–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.036 .
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.036
pubmed: 25896383
Yasmin F, Najeeb H, Moeed A, et al. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the United States: a systematic review. Front Public Health. 2021;9:770985. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.770985 .
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.770985
pubmed: 34888288
pmcid: 8650625
Purvis RS, Hallgren E, Moore RA, et al. Trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information among hesitant adopters in the United States. Vaccines. 2021;9(12):1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121418 .
doi: 10.3390/vaccines9121418
pubmed: 34960164
pmcid: 8706404
Wilson SL, Wiysonge C. Social media and vaccine hesitancy. BMJ Glob Health. 2020;5(10):e004206. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004206 .
doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004206
pubmed: 33097547
pmcid: 7590343
Lee SK, Sun J, Jang S, Connelly S. Misinformation of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccine hesitancy. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):13681. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-17430-6 .
doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-17430-6
pubmed: 35953500
pmcid: 9366757
Zhao S, Hu S, Zhou X, et al. The prevalence, features, influencing factors, and solutions for COVID-19 vaccine misinformation: systematic review. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2023;9:e40201. https://doi.org/10.2196/40201 .
doi: 10.2196/40201
pubmed: 36469911
pmcid: 9838721
Chirico F, Teixeira da Silva JA. Evidence-based policies in public health to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Future Virol.: https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2022-0028 . doi:10.2217/fvl-2022-0028.
CDC. How to Build COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Published February 7, 2022. Accessed August 22. 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/vaccinate-with-confidence/building-trust.html .
Baumgaertner B, Ridenhour BJ, Justwan F, Carlisle JE, Miller CR. Risk of disease and willingness to vaccinate in the United States: a population-based survey. PLoS Med. 2020;17(10):e1003354. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003354 .
doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003354
pubmed: 33057373
pmcid: 7561115
Hudson A, Montelpare WJ. Predictors of Vaccine Hesitancy: implications for COVID-19 Public Health Messaging. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(15):8054. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158054 .
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18158054
pubmed: 34360345
pmcid: 8345367
Liu Y, Ma Q, Liu H, Guo Z. Public attitudes and influencing factors toward COVID-19 vaccination for adolescents/children: a scoping review. Public Health. 2022;205:169–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2022.02.002 .
doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.02.002
pubmed: 35303534
Troiano G, Nardi A. Vaccine hesitancy in the era of COVID-19. Public Health. 2021;194:245–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2021.02.025 .
doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.02.025
pubmed: 33965796
Verger P, Dubé E. Restoring confidence in vaccines in the COVID-19 era. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2020;19(11):991–3. https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2020.1825945 .
doi: 10.1080/14760584.2020.1825945
pubmed: 32940574
Viswanath K, Bekalu M, Dhawan D, Pinnamaneni R, Lang J, McLoud R. Individual and social determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):818. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10862-1 .
doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10862-1
pubmed: 33910558
pmcid: 8081000
Larson HJ, Schulz WS, Tucker JD, Smith DMD. Measuring Vaccine Confidence: Introducing a Global Vaccine Confidence Index. PLoS Curr. 7. https://doi.org/10.1371/currents.outbreaks.ce0f6177bc97332602a8e3fe7d7f7cc4 .
Badur S, Ota M, Öztürk S, Adegbola R, Dutta A. Vaccine confidence: the keys to restoring trust. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2020;16(5):1007–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1740559 .
doi: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1740559
University of North Dakota. Student Body Profile. Published 2022. Accessed May 8, 2024. https://und.edu/analytics-and-planning/data-and-reports/2023.html .
University of North Dakota. Faculty Profiles. Accessed May 8. 2024. https://und.edu/analytics-and-planning/data-and-reports/facts/faculty-profiles.html .
Assessing the State of Vaccine Confidence in the United States. Recommendations from the National Vaccine Advisory Committee. Public Health Rep. 2015;130(6):573–95.
Tetanus Quiz - Health Encyclopedia - University of Rochester Medical Center. Accessed August 25. 2023. https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=40&contentid=TetanusLockJawImmuniQuiz
Oliver AP, Ford MA, Bass MA, Barnard M. College Students’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about the 2017–2018 H3N2 influenza virus and vaccination. South Med J. 2020;113(10):524–30. https://doi.org/10.14423/smj.0000000000001155 .
doi: 10.14423/smj.0000000000001155
pubmed: 33005971
Ryan KA, Filipp SL, Gurka MJ, Zirulnik A, Thompson LA. Understanding influenza vaccine perspectives and hesitancy in university students to promote increased vaccine uptake. Heliyon. 2019;5(10). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02604 .
Perez S, Tatar O, Ostini R, et al. Extending and validating a human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge measure in a national sample of Canadian parents of boys. Prev Med. 2016;91:43–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.07.017 .
doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.07.017
pubmed: 27471023
Bricout H, Torcel-Pagnon L, Lecomte C et al. Determinants of shingles vaccine acceptance in the United Kingdom. Angelillo IF, ed. PLOS ONE. 2019;14(8):e0220230. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220230 .
View HINTS, questions |. HINTS. Accessed October 24, 2023. https://hints.cancer.gov/view-questions/all-hints-questions.aspx .
Bhuiya T, Klares Iii R, Conte MA, Cervia JS. Predictors of misperceptions, risk perceptions, and personal risk perceptions about COVID-19 by country, education and income. J Investig Med off Publ Am Fed Clin Res. 2021;69(8):1473–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/jim-2021-001835 .
doi: 10.1136/jim-2021-001835
Bonner KE, Chyderiotis S, Sicsic J, et al. What motivates adults to accept influenza vaccine? An assessment of incentives, ease of access, messaging, and sources of information using a discrete choice experiment. SSM - Popul Health. 2023;22:101384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101384 .
doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101384
pubmed: 37008807
pmcid: 10060740
Jennings W, Valgarðsson V, McKay L, Stoker G, Mello E, Baniamin HM. Trust and vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-national analysis. Vaccine X. 2023;14:100299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100299 .
doi: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100299
pubmed: 37063307
pmcid: 10079319
Wheelock A, Ives J. Vaccine confidence, public understanding and probity: time for a shift in focus? J Med Ethics. 2022;48(4):250–5. https://doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2020-106805 .
doi: 10.1136/medethics-2020-106805
pubmed: 33687913
Johnson D, Grayson K. Cognitive and affective trust in service relationships. J Bus Res. 2005;58(4):500–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(03)00140-1 .
doi: 10.1016/S0148-2963(03)00140-1
Zhang H, Zhang R, Lu X, Zhu X. Impact of Personal Trust Tendency on Patient Compliance based on Internet Health Information seeking. Telemed E-Health. 2020;26(3):294–303. https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2018.0296 .
doi: 10.1089/tmj.2018.0296
Zimand-Sheiner D, Kol O, Frydman S, Levy S. To be (vaccinated) or not to be: the effect of media exposure, Institutional Trust, and incentives on attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(24):12894. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182412894 .
doi: 10.3390/ijerph182412894
pubmed: 34948501
pmcid: 8702102
Priest HM, Knowlden AP, Sharma M. Social Cognitive Theory predictors of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Intentions of College men at a Southeastern University. Int Q Community Health Educ. 2015;35(4):371–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X15583289 .
doi: 10.1177/0272684X15583289
pubmed: 26470399
Zhu Y, Beam M, Ming Y, Egbert N, Smith TC. A Social Cognitive Theory Approach to understanding parental attitudes and intentions to vaccinate children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccines. 2022;10(11):1876. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111876 .
doi: 10.3390/vaccines10111876
pubmed: 36366384
pmcid: 9697026
Infodemic. Accessed September 30, 2023. https://www.who.int/health-topics/infodemic .
Goldenberg MJ. Vaccine hesitancy: Public Trust, Expertise, and the War on Science. University of Pittsburgh; 2021.
Confidence in science fell in 2022 while political divides persisted, poll shows | AP News. Accessed September 30. 2023. https://apnews.com/article/trust-science-medicine-social-survey-725ab3401f27900be6cc957eec52e45e .
Salmon DA, Dudley MZ, Glanz JM, Omer SB. Vaccine hesitancy: causes, consequences, and a call to action. Vaccine. 2015;33:D66–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.035 .
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.035
pubmed: 26615171
Bin Naeem S, Kamel Boulos MN. COVID-19 misinformation online and health literacy: a brief overview. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(15):8091. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158091 .
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18158091
pubmed: 34360384
pmcid: 8345771
JOItmC | Free Full-Text | Innovative Ecosystem Model of Vaccine Lifecycle Management. Accessed October 24. 2023. https://www.mdpi.com/2199-8531/8/1/5 .
Reichelt M, Cullen JP, Mayer-Fried S, Russell HA, Bennett NM, Yousefi-Nooraie R. Addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in rural communities: a case study in engaging trusted messengers to pivot and plan. Front Public Health. 2023;11:1059067. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1059067 .
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1059067
pubmed: 36844863
pmcid: 9947642
Shen AK, Browne S, Srivastava T, Kornides ML, Tan ASL. Trusted messengers and trusted messages: the role for community-based organizations in promoting COVID-19 and routine immunizations. Vaccine. 2023;41(12):1994–2002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.045 .
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.045
pubmed: 36803894
pmcid: 9932688